Shloka 5

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

Devanagari script

त॑ माता प्रत्युवाच व्यक्त त्वया तत्रापराद्धं येनास्यभिहत इति,तब माता उससे बोली--“बेटा! अवश्य ही तूने उनका कोई प्रकटरूपमें अपराध किया होगा, जिसके कारण उन्होंने तुझे मारा है”

Transliteration

tā mātā pratyuvāca vyaktaṃ tvayā tatrāparāddhaṃ yenāsyābhihata iti

Translation

Then the mother replied, “Surely you must have committed some evident offence there; that is why he struck you.” The remark frames the event as a moral consequence: harm is seen as arising from a prior fault, urging self-examination and accountability rather than immediate blame of the other.

Word by Word

• सा: she (that woman)
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• माता: mother
• माता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रत्युवाच: replied
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• व्यक्तम्: certainly, clearly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: व्यक्त

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• अपराद्धम्: offended, committed an offence
• अपराद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अपराध्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• येन: by which (because of which)
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• अस्य: of him/this one
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• अभिहतः: struck, killed
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-हन्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इति: thus (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

Speaker

राम उवाच

Characters & Entities

• mātā (mother)
• tvam (son addressed)
• asya (the one who struck / the other person, unnamed)