Shloka 33

कृपकृपी-जननम्

The Birth of Kṛpa and Kṛpī; Kṛpa’s Attainment of Astras

Devanagari script

स्वयंजात: प्रणीतश्न तत्सम: पुत्रिकासुत: । पौनर्भवश्ल कानीन: भगिन्यां यश्ष॒ जायते,“पहला पुत्र वह है, जो विवाहिता पत्नीसे अपने द्वारा उत्पन्न किया गया हो; उसे 'स्वयंजात' कहते हैं। दूसरा प्रणीत कहलाता है, जो अपनी ही पत्नीके गर्भसे किसी उत्तम पुरुषके अनुग्रहसे उत्पन्न होता है। तीसरा जो अपनी पुत्रीका पुत्र हो, वह भी उसके ही समान माना गया है। चौथे प्रकारके पुत्रकी पौनर्भवः संज्ञा है, जो दूसरी बार ब्याही हुई सत्रीसे उत्पन्न हुआ हो। पाँचवें प्रकारके पुत्रकी कानीन संज्ञा है (विवाहसे पहले ही जिस कन्याको इस शर्तके साथ दिया जाता है कि इसके गर्भसे उत्पन्न होनेवाला पुत्र मेरा पुत्र समझा जायगा उस कन्याके पुत्रको “कानीन' कहते हैं)5। जो बहनका पुत्र (भानजा) है, वह छठा कहा गया है

Transliteration

svayaṃjātaḥ praṇītaś ca tat-samaḥ putrikā-sutaḥ | paunarbhavaś ca kānīno bhaginyāṃ yaś ca jāyate ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: “The son begotten by a man himself upon his lawfully wedded wife is called ‘Svayaṃjāta’. The one called ‘Praṇīta’ is a son produced in one’s wife through the agency or favor of a worthy man (i.e., by appointment). A daughter’s son (putrikā-suta) is also regarded as equivalent (to one’s own son). The son born of a remarried woman is termed ‘Paunarbhava’. The son known as ‘Kānīna’ is one born to a maiden (under an arrangement that the child will be counted as the giver’s son). And the son born of one’s sister (i.e., a nephew) is also counted among these.”

Word by Word

स्वयंजातःself-begotten (son)

प्रणीतःthe 'pranīta' (a class of son)

चand

तत्समःequal to that (i.e., equivalent)

पुत्रिकासुतःdaughter's son (putrikā-putra)

पौनर्भवःthe 'paunarbhava' (son of a remarried woman)

कानीनःthe 'kānīna' (son of an unmarried girl / pre-marital son)

भगिन्याम्in/from the sister (i.e., of the sister)

यःwho

जायतेis born

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse classifies several socially recognized categories of ‘sons’ and kin treated as sons, indicating how dharma-textual society extended lineage, ritual, and inheritance continuity beyond biological paternity when needed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is explaining to the listener a traditional enumeration of son-types—biological, appointed/arranged, daughter’s son, son of a remarried woman, maiden-born son under stipulation, and sister’s son—clarifying their recognized status within family and dharma frameworks.