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Shloka 31

नियोगप्रसङ्गः — The Niyoga Episode: Births of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu, and Vidura

ज्ञात्वा तथापनीतां तां वसुभिर्दिव्यदर्शन: । ययौ क्रोधवशं सद्यः शशाप च वसूंस्तदा,तब उन्होंने दिव्य दृष्टिसे देखा और यह जान गये कि वसुओंने उसका अपहरण किया है। फिर तो वे क्रोधके वशीभूत हो गये और तत्काल वसुओंको शाप दे दिया--

jñātvā tathāpanītāṃ tāṃ vasubhir divyadarśanaḥ | yayau krodhavaśaṃ sadyaḥ śaśāpa ca vasūṃs tadā ||

Seeing with his divine sight and realizing that the Vasus had carried her off, he was immediately overcome by anger and, on the spot, pronounced a curse upon the Vasus. The episode underscores how even a seer’s knowledge can be followed by a lapse into wrath, setting in motion consequences that shape later destinies.

ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
अपनीताम्carried off/abducted
अपनीताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप-नी (धातु) / अपनीत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ताम्her/that (woman)
ताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वसुभिःby the Vasus
वसुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दिव्यदर्शनःone of divine sight
दिव्यदर्शनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य-दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ययौwent/entered (a state)
ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्रोधवशम्under the control of anger
क्रोधवशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध-वश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
शशापcursed
शशाप:
TypeVerb
Rootशप् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
वसून्the Vasus
वसून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vasus

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of krodha (anger): even when one has clear knowledge (jñāna) and spiritual capacity (divya-darśana), yielding to anger can lead to harsh, irreversible actions (a śāpa) whose consequences extend far beyond the immediate offense.

The narrator states that a seer, using divine vision, discovers that the Vasus have abducted a woman; he instantly becomes angry and curses the Vasus, initiating a chain of consequences central to the surrounding episode.