Mantra 3

Sukta 50

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तर्दापते वघापते तृष्टजम्भा आ शृणोत मे । य आरण्या व्यऽद्वरा ये के च स्थ व्यऽद्वरास्तान्त्सर्वान् जम्भयामसि

IAST Transliteration

tardā́pate vághāpate tṛ́ṣṭajambhā ā́ śṛṇota me | yé āraṇyā́ vy-ádvarā yé ké ca sthá vy-ádvarās tā́n sárvān jambhayāmasi

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

O lord of Tarda, lord of destruction, ye sharp-jawed, hear me hither. What forest-bred burrowers there be, whatever burrowers ye are—those all we crush, we break their jaws.

Word by Word

• तर्दापते: O lord/master of the tards (a class of beings/spirits)
• तर्दापते: सम्बोधन (आह्वान)
• Type: Noun (समास)
• Root: तर्द (प्रातिपदिक, नाम) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• वघापते: O lord/master of the vaghās (harmful beings/spirits)
• वघापते: सम्बोधन (आह्वान)
• Type: Noun (समास)
• Root: वघ (प्रातिपदिक, नाम) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• तृष्टजम्भाः: (you) with parched/dry jaws; having dried jaws
• तृष्टजम्भाः: सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (आहूत-समूहः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; बहुवचन-विशेषण)
• Root: तृष्ट (विशेषण/प्रातिपदिक) + जम्भ (प्रातिपदिक) → तृष्ट-जम्भ

• आ: towards; fully
• आ: क्रियाविशेषण (उपसर्गार्थः: ‘towards/fully’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• शृणोत: hear (you all)!
• शृणोत: क्रिया (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)

• मे: my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध-कारकः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: कर्तृ (यः-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• आरण्याः: forest(-dwelling ones)
• आरण्याः: कर्तृ (ये …)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: आरण्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘forest-dwelling’)

• वि: apart; asunder
• वि: क्रियाविशेषण (उपसर्गार्थः: ‘apart, asunder’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अद्वराः: doorless/wayless (ones)
• अद्वराः: कर्तृ (ये …)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अद्वर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘without a door/without a way in’; epithet)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: कर्तृ (ये …)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• के: which/what (ones)
• के: कर्तृ (ये के च …)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• स्थ: you are / you stand
• स्थ: क्रिया (सम्बन्ध-वाक्ये)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु) / स्था (धातु) — वैदिक प्रयोगः ‘स्थ’ = ‘are/stand’

• वि: apart; asunder
• वि: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अद्वराः: doorless/wayless (ones)
• अद्वराः: कर्तृ/विशेषण (स्थ …)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अद्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• तान्: those (them)
• तान्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• जम्भयामसि: we cause to be crushed / we make (them) clamp/disable
• जम्भयामसि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जम्भय् (धातु; causative of √जम्भ ‘to crush/press; to make jaws clamp’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (rṣi not specified in the provided excerpt)

Devata: Targeted hostile leader/collective of pests (personified); operative power is the mantra’s crushing force

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh or mixed (requires full metrical audit)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Confrontation → domination → secured confidence.","listener_experience":"A surge of protective aggression that resolves into certainty of control.","intensity":8}