Mantra 3

Sukta 49

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सुपर्णा वाचमक्रतोप द्यव्याखरे कृष्णा इषिरा अनर्तिषुः । नि यन्नियन्त्युपरस्य निष्कृतिं पुरू रेतो दधिरे सूर्यश्रितः

IAST Transliteration

suparṇā́ vā́cam akratópa dyavyā́khare kṛ́ṣṇā iṣirā́ anartiṣuḥ | ní yán niyánty úparasya níṣkṛtim purū́ réto dadhire sū́ryaśritaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The fair-winged made speech; upon the heavenly hollow the black, the swift, bestirred themselves in dance. When they lead down the upper one’s outlet, much seed they have deposited, resting upon the Sun.

Word by Word

• सुपर्णाः: the fair-winged ones (birds)
• सुपर्णाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाचम्: speech, utterance
• वाचम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक) स्त्री

• अक्रत: they made, they produced
• अक्रत: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• उप: towards, near
• उप: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• द्यवि: in heaven, in the sky
• द्यवि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आखरे: it sounded/was uttered aloud
• आखरे: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-खर्/खर् (धातु) (वेद. ‘उच्चैः शब्दं कर्तुम्/उद्घोषयितुम्’)

• कृष्णाः: the black (ones)
• कृष्णाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• इषिराः: swift, vigorous
• इषिराः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इषिर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनर्तिषुः: they danced, they moved about
• अनर्तिषुः: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नृत् (धातु) + अनु-

• नि: down, in
• नि: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि

• यत्: which, that which
• यत्: कर्म (यत्…तत्-सम्बन्धे) / विषय
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नियन्ति: they restrain, they guide
• नियन्ति: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (धातु) + नि-

• उपरस्य: of the upper (one/region)
• उपरस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: उपर (प्रातिपदिक)

• निष्कृतिम्: release, expiation, deliverance
• निष्कृतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्कृति (प्रातिपदिक) स्त्री

• पुरु: much, abundant
• पुरु: (विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable/Adjective (quantifier)
• Root: पुरु

• रेतः: seed, semen
• रेतः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेतस् (प्रातिपदिक) नपुं

• दधिरे: they placed, they deposited
• दधिरे: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु)

• सूर्यश्रितः: resting on the sun; sun-supported
• सूर्यश्रितः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सूर्य-श्रित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; श्रि धातु, क्त)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (rṣi not specified in the provided excerpt)

Devata: Vāc (Speech), Sūrya (as stabilizing support), and the expulsion-path (niṣkṛti)

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī-type (requires full hymn metrical audit)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From uncanny, dark motion to wonder at speech’s power, concluding in calm solar stabilization.","listener_experience":"A feeling of guided control—chaos is named, directed, and resolved.","intensity":6}