Mantra 4

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

व्याघ्रं दत्वतां वयं प्रथमं जम्भयामसि । आदु ष्टेनमथो अहिं यातुधानमथो वृकम्

IAST Transliteration

vyāghráṃ datvatā́ṃ vayáṃ prathamáṃ jambhayāmasi | ā́d ú sténam átho ahíṃ yātudhā́nám átho vṛkám

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The tiger, the toothed one, first of all do we force to gape; then also the thief, and the serpent, the yātudhāna, and likewise the wolf.

Word by Word

• व्याघ्रम्: tiger
• व्याघ्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• दत्वताम्: of the toothed ones (beasts)
• दत्वताम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दत्वत् (प्रातिपदिक; दत्/दन्त ‘tooth’ + -वत्)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमम्: first; at first
• प्रथमम्: विशेषण/क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• जम्भयामसि: we cause (him) to be crushed / we make (him) gnash
• जम्भयामसि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जम्भ् (धातु; ‘to crush, to make bite/gnash’), णिच् (causative)

• आदु: then; moreover
• आदु: सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपपादक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदु (निपात/अव्यय)

• स्तेनम्: thief
• स्तेनम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तेन (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथो: and also; then too
• अथो: समुच्चय/वाक्योपपादक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथो (निपात; अथ + उ)

• अहिम्: snake
• अहिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहि (प्रातिपदिक)

• यातुधानम्: demon; sorcerer (yātudhāna)
• यातुधानम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: यातुधान (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथो: and also
• अथो: समुच्चय/वाक्योपपादक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथो (निपात)

• वृकम्: wolf
• वृकम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not explicit in excerpt).

Devata: Adversarial beings (vyāghra, stena, ahi, yātudhāna, vṛka) as addressed objects of control.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From confrontation (naming predators) to dominance (making them gape) to comprehensive control (listing and subduing all).","listener_experience":"A surge of courage and boundary-power; fear is converted into command.","intensity":7}