Mantra 4

Sukta 10

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

इयमेव सा या प्रथमा व्यौच्छदास्वितरासु चरति प्रविष्टा । महान्तो अस्यां महिमानो अन्तर्वधूर्जिगाय नवगज्जनित्री

IAST Transliteration

iyám evá sā́ yā́ prathamā́ vy àucchad ásvitarāsu carati práviṣṭā | mahánto asyā́ṁ mahimā́no antár vadhū́r jigāya navagáj janitrī́ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This verily is she who first shone forth; among the later ones she moves, entered in and pervading. Great are the grandeurs lodged within her: the Bride, the Begetter, ninefold-going, hath won the victory.

Word by Word

• इयम्: this (woman/one)
• इयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• सा: that (she)
• सा: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• या: who, which
• या: कर्तृ
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमा: first
• प्रथमा: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, forth (prefix)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• औच्छत्: dawned, shone forth
• औच्छत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: उष् (धातु; ‘उषति/उष्यति’—to dawn)

• अस्वितरासु: among the others
• अस्वितरासु: अधिकरण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अस्वितर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अन्य/अपर’ अर्थे)

• चरति: moves, goes about
• चरति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)

• प्र: forth, forward (prefix)
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग)

• विष्टा: entered, having entered
• विष्टा: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: विश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)

• महान्तः: great (ones)
• महान्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्याम्: in her/this (one)
• अस्याम्: अधिकरण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• महिमानः: greatnesses, glories
• महिमानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्तः: within
• अन्तः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तः (अव्यय/उपपद)

• वधूः: bride, young woman
• वधूः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वधू (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिगाय: has conquered, won
• जिगाय: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि (धातु; ‘to conquer’)

• नवगः: nine-going / of nine steps (epithet)
• नवगः: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नवग (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनित्री: begetter, producer, mother
• जनित्री: कर्तृ (सम्बोधन/विशेषणभाव)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनितृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent-noun from √जन्)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Rātri (as victorious, generative, pervading power)

Chandas: Mixed/irregular (Atharvanic prose-poetic tendencies within a metrical frame)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From primordial emergence to pervasion to triumphant enthronement.","listener_experience":"Awe at Night’s hidden greatness, settling into calm assurance of protection.","intensity":5}