Mantra 5

Sukta 25

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यज्ञैरथर्वा प्रथमः पथस्तते ततः सूर्यो व्रतपा वेन आजनि । आ गा आजदुशना काव्यः सचा यमस्य जातममृतं यजामहे

IAST Transliteration

yajñáir athárvā prathamáḥ páthas tate tátaḥ sū́ryo vratapā́ vená ā́jani | ā́ gā́ ā́jad uśánā kā́vyaḥ sácā yámasya jātám amṛ́taṃ yajāmahe ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

By sacrifices Atharvan first stretched out the paths; thereafter the Sun, the guardian of ordinance—Vena—was born. Forth drove the Cows did Uśanā Kāvya, in fellowship: that deathlessness, born of Yama, we worship with oblation.

Word by Word

• यज्ञैः: by/with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथर्वा: Atharvan
• अथर्वा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: अथर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमः: the first
• प्रथमः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• पथः: of the path/way
• पथः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथ्/पथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तते: stretched/extended
• तते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: तन् (धातु)

• ततः: then/from there
• ततः: अपादान/क्रम (from/thereupon)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्रतपा: keeper of vows/ordinances
• व्रतपा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: व्रतप (प्रातिपदिक; व्रत+पा ‘vow-keeper’)

• वेनः: Vena (the beloved/desired one; an epithet)
• वेनः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वेन (प्रातिपदिक)

• आजनि: was born/arose
• आजनि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग)

• आ: hither; forth (prefix/particle)
• आ: दिशा/उपसर्गार्थ
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• आजत्: drove/impelled (hither)
• आजत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अज् (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग)

• उशना: Uśanā (Uśanas)
• उशना: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: उशनस्/उशना (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषिनाम)

• काव्यः: Kāvya (descendant of Kavi)
• काव्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective/Noun (patronymic)
• Root: काव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सचा: together with; in company
• सचा: सह/सहचर्य
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सच (अव्यय)

• यमस्य: of Yama
• यमस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)

• जातम्: born; arisen
• जातम्: कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: जन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतम्: the immortal (nectar/immortality)
• अमृतम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• यजामहे: we worship/sacrifice
• यजामहे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvan/Uśanā Kāvya (mythic seer figures; RV-derived attribution)

Devata: Sūrya (Vena) and Amṛta (deathlessness/Soma principle)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From foundational certainty → luminous emergence (Sun) → release of abundance (cows) → serene reverence for deathless essence.","listener_experience":"Deep reassurance; sense of cosmic backing and long life.","intensity":4}