Mantra 22
Sukta 93
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
तं घेमित्था नमस्विन उप स्वराजमासते । अर्थं चिदस्य सुधितं यदेतव आवर्तयन्ति दावने
IAST Transliteration
táṃ ghémítthā namasvína úpa svárājam āsate | árthaṃ cid asya súdhitaṃ yád etávo āvartáyanti dāváne
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
To him, the self-sovereign, do the reverent thus draw near and sit in attendance; for even his well-ordered boon the coursers turn again, to bring it back for bestowal.
Word by Word
तम्him / that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
घindeed / surely (emphatic particle)
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (निपात)
एमिI go / I approach
एमि:
कर्तृ (अहं)
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
इत्थाthus / in this manner
इत्था:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
नमस्विनःthe reverent ones / worshippers
नमस्विनः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootनमस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
उपnear / towards
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्वराजम्the self-ruling one / sovereign
स्वराजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootस्वराज् (प्रातिपदिक)
आसतेthey sit / they take their seat
आसते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootआस् (धातु)
अर्थम्purpose / meaning / aim
अर्थम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
अस्यof him / of this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुधितम्well-set / well-arranged / well-conceived
सुधितम्:
विशेषणम् (अर्थम्) / कर्म
TypeAdjective (Participle)
Rootसु-धि (धि = धा/धि-प्रातिपदिक; कृत-रूप)
यत्which / that which
यत्:
कर्म (यद्-सम्बन्धेन)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एतवःthe goers / those who come
एतवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootएतृ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘going/coming’)
आवर्तयन्तिthey cause to turn back / they bring back
आवर्तयन्ति:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृत् (धातु) > आवर्तय (णिजन्त)
दावनेfor giving / for bestowal
दावने:
सम्प्रदान/अधिकरण (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन-भावः)
TypeNoun (Verbal noun)
Rootदा (धातु) > दावन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: RV-derived attribution (source dependent)
Devata: Indra (svārāj)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like (RV reuse)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From reverent approach → seated steadiness → confident expectation of return.","listener_experience":"Calm assurance that what is rightly one’s will come back; steadier relationship to gain/loss.","intensity":5}