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Mantra 3

Sukta 56

बृहद्गावासुरेभ्योऽधि देवानुपावर्तत महिमानमिच्छन्। तस्मै स्वप्नाय दधुराधिपत्यं त्रयस्त्रिंशासः स्वरानशानाः

bṛhád-gāvā ásurebhyo ’dhí devā́n upā́vartata mahimā́nam icchán | tásmai svápnāya dadhur ā́dhipatyaṃ trayastriṃśā́saḥ svár-ānaśānāḥ ||

The Great-Cows turned the Gods back over from the Asuras, seeking majesty. To Dream they gave lordship—the Thirty-and-Three, possessors of the heavenly light.

बृहत्great, vast
बृहत्:
Karma (देवान् विशेषयति) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootबृह् (प्रातिपदिक: बृहत्)
गावःcows
गावः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
असुरेभ्यःfrom the Asuras
असुरेभ्यः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिover, upon; from (in separation-context)
अधि:
(अपादान/अधिकरण-सम्बन्धे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
उपtowards, near
उप:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप
आवर्ततturned/returned (towards)
आवर्तत:
Kriyā (गावः कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तते/आवर्तते)
महिमानम्greatness, majesty
महिमानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
इच्छन्desiring
इच्छन्:
Kartā (कृदन्तेन) / हेतु-भावः
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इष्/इच्छ् (इच्छति)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वप्नायto Sleep (personified), to dream
स्वप्नाय:
Sampradāna (तस्मै इति सह-अर्थे)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)
दधुःthey bestowed/placed
दधुः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√धा (दधाति)
आधिपत्यम्lordship, sovereignty
आधिपत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआधिपत्य (प्रातिपदिक; अधिपति-भावः)
त्रयस्त्रिंशासःthe thirty-three (gods)
त्रयस्त्रिंशासः:
Kartā (दधुः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun/Adjective (numeral)
Rootत्रयस्त्रिंशत् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक; ‘33’)
स्वरान्sustenance/food; (lit.) ‘nourishments’
स्वरान्:
Karma (अशानाः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
अशानाःeating, partaking (of)
अशानाः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√अश् (अश्नाति) / √अश (भक्षणे)

Rishi: Late Atharvanic attribution (anukramaṇī-dependent).

Devata: Svapna; also the Trayastrinśat (Thirty-three gods) as grantors.

Chandas: Late triṣṭubh-like cadence (requires metrical confirmation).

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Mythic awe (cosmic contest) → orderly settlement (lordship granted) → calm possibility of regulated dreaming.","listener_experience":"A sense of cosmic administration; reassurance that dreams have rules and can be negotiated.","intensity":6}