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Mantra 4

Sukta 49

सिंहस्य रात्र्युशती पींषस्य व्याघ्रस्य द्वीपिनो वर्च आ ददे । अश्वस्य ब्रध्नं पुरुषस्य मायुं पुरु रूपाणि कृणुषे विभाती

síṃhasya rā́try uśatī́ pī́ṃṣasya vyā́ghrasya dvīpíno várco ā́ dade | áśvasya bradhnáṃ púruṣasya māyúṃ púru rū́pāṇi kṛṇuṣe vibhātī́ ||

Night, kindly, takes unto herself the splendor of the lion, of the panther, of the tiger, of the spotted beast. The horse’s tawny brightness, the man’s loud might she takes: manifold forms thou fashionest, shining forth.

सिंहस्यof the lion
सिंहस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
रात्र्युःof the night
रात्र्युः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
उशतीdesiring, eager (night)
उशती:
विशेषण (to रात्र्युः) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootउशत् (प्रातिपदिक; √वश्/उश् ‘to desire, be eager’ से वर्तमान कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
पींषस्यof the pīṃṣa (a fierce creature)
पींषस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपींष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘a fierce animal/serpent’—वैदिक शब्द)
व्याघ्रस्यof the tiger
व्याघ्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
द्वीपिनःof the leopard (spotted one)
द्वीपिनः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वीपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्चःsplendour, radiance
वर्चः:
कर्म (object of आ ददे)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्चस् (प्रातिपदिक)
towards, unto (prefix)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग)
ददेtakes, assumes
ददे:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने) / वैदिक मध्यमपद-आत्मनेपद ‘to take/receive/put on’
अश्वस्यof the horse
अश्वस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रध्नम्the tawny (colour/one)
ब्रध्नम्:
कर्म (object, understood with आ ददे)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootब्रध्न (प्रातिपदिक; ‘tawny, ruddy’)
पुरुषस्यof the man/person
पुरुषस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
मायुम्the cry/roar
मायुम्:
कर्म (object, understood with आ ददे)
TypeNoun
Rootमायु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cry/roar/voice’—वैदिक)
पुरुmany
पुरु:
विशेषण (to रूपाणि)
TypeIndeclinable/Adjective
Rootपुरु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक ‘many’)
रूपाणिforms, shapes
रूपाणि:
कर्म (object of कृणुषे)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणुषेyou make, you fashion
कृणुषे:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे) ‘to make’
विभातीshines forth, is radiant
विभाती:
क्रिया (अनुषङ्ग/वर्णनात्मक)
TypeVerb
Root√भा (दीप्तौ) ‘to shine’ + वि-

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition

Devata: Rātri

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From awe at dangerous powers → confident containment by Rātri → radiance and multiplicity (‘shining forth’).","listener_experience":"Feels guarded by a vast night-presence that commands beasts and fear alike; courage without aggression.","intensity":7}