Mantra 34

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये निखाता ये परोप्ता ये दग्धा ये चोद्धिताः । सर्वांस्तानग्न आ वह पितॄन् हविषे अत्तवे

IAST Transliteration

yé nikhā́tā yé paróptā yé dagdhā́ yé cód(d)hitā́ḥ | sárvāṁs tā́n agná ā́ vaha pitṝ́n havíṣe áttave ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Whoso are buried, whoso are laid away afar, whoso are burnt, and whoso are taken up again,—all those, O Agni, bring thou hither: the Fathers, to partake of the oblation, to eat thereof.

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः—येषां विषये) / विशेष्य-संबन्धः
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• निखाताः: (those) buried / dug down
• निखाताः: कर्तृ (ये…निखाताः—समूहः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Participle (Adjective) / Noun-like
• Root: नि-√खन् (खन्—अवदारणे) → निखात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः—येषां विषये)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परोप्ताः: (those) planted / sown (in the ground)
• परोप्ताः: कर्तृ (ये…परोप्ताः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: परि-√वप्/√उप् (वप्—बीजवपन/रोपण; उप्—रोपणे) → परोप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• दग्धाः: burnt
• दग्धाः: कर्तृ (ये…दग्धाः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √दह् (दह्—दाहे) → दग्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उद्धिताः: dug up / exhumed / taken out
• उद्धिताः: कर्तृ (ये…उद्धिताः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: उद्-√धा (धा—धारण/स्थापने; यहाँ ‘उत्खनन/उद्धरण’ अर्थे) → उद्धित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: कर्म (आ-वह—whom to bring)
• Type: Adjective (used pronominally)
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• तान्: those
• तान्: कर्म (सर्वान् तान्—those all)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: hither / towards (here)
• आ: क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
• Type: Preverb / Indeclinable
• Root: आ

• वह: bring / convey
• वह: क्रिया (आह्वान-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वह्—प्रापणे/वहने)

• पितॄन्: the Fathers / ancestors
• पितॄन्: कर्म (whom to bring)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• हविषे: for the oblation
• हविषे: सम्प्रदान (for the oblation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अत्तवे: to eat / to partake
• अत्तवे: प्रयोजन (purpose of bringing)
• Type: Infinitive
• Root: √अद् (अद्—भक्षणे) → अत्तुम्/अत्तवे (तुमुन्-प्रत्ययः; वैदिके ‘-तवे’)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally connected with Atharvanic Pitṛ-hymn seers (Aṅgiras/Atharvan line; hymn-level attribution varies by anukramaṇī)

Devata: Agni as Pitṛvāhana (conveyor of the Fathers); secondarily the Pitṛs

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (predominant in AV funerary verses)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"karuna","emotional_arc":"From concern about scattered dead to reassurance of gathered presence and feeding.","listener_experience":"Relief, inclusivity, and softened sorrow.","intensity":5}