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Mantra 4

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यः प्राणेन द्यावापृथिवी तर्पयत्यपानेन समुद्रस्य जठरं यः पिपर्ति तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतदागो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति । उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान्

IAST Transliteration

yáḥ prāṇéna dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ tarpáyaty apānéna samudrásya jaṭháraṃ yáḥ pípārti tásya devásya krúddhasyáitád ā́go yá eváṃ vidvā́ṃsaṃ brāhmaṇáṃ jinā́ti | úd vepaya rohita prá kṣiṇīhi brahmajyásya práti muñca pā́śān

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

He who with prāṇa refreshes Heaven and Earth, who with apāna fills the ocean’s belly—of that god, when angered, this is the offence: he who, knowing thus, wrongs a learned Brahmin. Up, make him tremble, O Rohita; waste him away: against the brahma-injurer loose forth the nooses.

Word by Word
यःwho (he)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) य-
प्राणेनwith/in the vital breath (prāṇa)
प्राणेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
द्यावापृथिवीheaven-and-earth (the two)
द्यावापृथिवी:
Karma
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootद्यावापृथिवी (समास-प्रातिपदिक; द्यौ + पृथिवी)
तर्पयतिsatisfies, nourishes
तर्पयति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootतृप् (धातु) → तर्पयति (णिच्)
अपानेनwith/in the downward breath (apāna)
अपानेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअपान (प्रातिपदिक)
समुद्रस्यof the ocean
समुद्रस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
जठरम्belly, womb, interior
जठरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजठर (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho (he)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) य-
पिपर्तिfills, sustains
पिपर्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootपॄ (धातु; पॄ/पॢ) → पिपर्ति (द्वितीयगण-लिट्/लट्-रूप; here present-like)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवस्यof the god
देवस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
क्रुद्धस्यof the angered
क्रुद्धस्य:
Viśeṣaṇa (of देवस्य)
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootक्रुध् (धातु) → क्रुद्ध (कृदन्त; भूतकृदन्त)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (with implied ‘is/constitutes’)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आगःsin, offence
आगः:
Karma (predicate/accusative sense)
TypeNoun
Rootआगस् (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) य-
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
विद्वांसम्a knowing one, learned
विद्वांसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective (participle used substantively)
Rootविद् (धातु) → विद्वांस् (कृदन्त; वर्तमानकृदन्त/परस्मैपदी)
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma (apposition to विद्वांसम्)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
जिनातिharms, overpowers
जिनाति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु) / ज्या? (here: जि ‘to overpower, injure’) → जिनाति
उत्up, forth
उत्:
Upasarga (with वेपय)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वेपयmake (him) tremble!
वेपय:
Kartā (imperative to addressee)
TypeVerb
Rootविप्/वेप् (धातु ‘to tremble’) → वेपय (णिच्-आज्ञार्थ)
रोहितO Rohita
रोहित:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootरोहित (प्रातिपदिक; देवता/विशेषण-नाम)
प्रforth, fully
प्र:
Upasarga (with क्षिणीहि)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
क्षिणीहिdestroy! waste away!
क्षिणीहि:
Kartā (imperative to addressee)
TypeVerb
Rootक्षि (धातु ‘to destroy, waste away’) → क्षिणीहि
ब्रह्मज्यस्यof the Brahmin-slayer / of the sin of harming a Brahmin
ब्रह्मज्यस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मज्य (प्रातिपदिक; ब्रह्मन् + ज्या/ज्य ‘injury’)
प्रतिback, in return, against
प्रति:
Adverbial/Upasarga (with मुञ्च)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
मुञ्चrelease, let loose
मुञ्च:
Kartā (imperative to addressee)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु ‘to release’) → मुञ्च
पाशान्nooses, bonds
पाशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angiras-type (anukramaṇī-dependent)

Devata: Rohita; prāṇa/apāna sustaining deity (Prajāpati/Āditya-like)

Chandas: Mixed; refrain-driven (edition-dependent)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Wonder at breath-cosmos → moral indictment → fierce command.","listener_experience":"Awe at prāṇa/apāna’s cosmic scale, followed by fear of being cut off and bound.","intensity":8}

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