Mantra 52
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
ये गोपतिं पराणीयाथाहुर्मा ददा इति । रुद्रस्यास्तां ते हेतिं परि यन्त्यचित्त्या
IAST Transliteration
yé gopátiṃ parāṇī́yā́thā́hur mā́ dadā́ íti | rudrásyā́stāṃ té hetíṃ pári yánty ácittyā ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
They who, having led the Lord of cattle astray, then say, ‘Give not,’—upon them, through their folly, there cometh round about the missile of Rudra: so be it.
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
गोपतिम्the lord/protector of cattle
गोपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोपति (प्रातिपदिकम्)
पराणीयhaving driven/led away
पराणीय:
(Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa)
TypeVerbal indeclinable (Gerund)
Rootपर + अनी (धातुः) → अनी- (to lead/drive) ; क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund)
अथthen
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (निपात)
आहुःthey said
आहुः:
(मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातुः) / ब्रू (अर्थे) → ‘आह’ (perfect stem)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध)
ददाःgive
ददाः:
(मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातुः)
इतिthus
इति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (निपात)
रुद्रस्यof Rudra
रुद्रस्य:
(सम्बन्धः/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिकम्)
आस्ताम्let there be / may there be
आस्ताम्:
(मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातुः)
ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
तेto you / your
ते:
Sampradāna (recipient/for you) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
हेतिम्missile/weapon (dart)
हेतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहेति (प्रातिपदिकम्)
परिaround
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यन्तिthey go / they move
यन्ति:
(मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयम्/या (धातुः ‘to go’) → यान्ति
अचित्त्याthrough heedlessness / unintentionally
अचित्त्या:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun (abstract) / Adverbial instrumental
Rootअचित्ति (प्रातिपदिकम्) / अ-चित्त (adj. ‘unthinking’) → तृतीया
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Rudra (as wielder of the punitive missile)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"bhayankara","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Exposure of misleaders → invoking Rudra → closing circle of threat.","listener_experience":"Fearful restraint: discourages meddling; evokes awe of Rudra’s reach.","intensity":8}