Mantra 3

Sukta 22

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

या रोहिणीर्देवत्या३ गावो या उत रोहिणीः । रूपंरूपं वयोवयस्ताभिष्ट्वा परि दध्मसि

IAST Transliteration

yā́ḥ rohiṇī́r devatyā̀ gā́vo yā́ utá rohiṇī́ḥ | rūpáṃ rū́paṃ váyo váyas tā́bhiṣ ṭvā párī dadhmasi ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

What Rohiṇī cows are god-possessed, and what cows moreover are Rohiṇīs—form upon form, age upon age—with these we set thee round about.

Word by Word

• याः: who (fem. pl.)
• याः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रोहिणीः: the Rohiṇīs (red/spotted cows; ‘Rohiṇī’ ones)
• रोहिणीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोहिणी (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवताः: (as) deities, divine powers
• देवताः: Kartā (apposition) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता (प्रातिपदिक)

• गावः: cows
• गावः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• याः: who (fem. pl.)
• याः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also / moreover
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• रोहिणीः: the Rohiṇīs
• रोहिणीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोहिणी (प्रातिपदिक)

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• रूपम्: form (each form)
• रूपम्: Karma (repetition/emphasis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयः: vitality / vigor / age
• वयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयः: vitality (each vitality)
• वयः: Karma (repetition/emphasis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ताभिः: with those (fem.)
• ताभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: परि

• दध्मसि: we place / we put
• दध्मसि: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (exact r̥ṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī for AV 1.22; commonly Atharvan/Angiras lineages for paustika charms)

Devata: Rohiṇī-cows as empowered agents; implicitly the devatā that ‘inhabits’ them (devatyāḥ)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical verification against pada counts in the chosen edition)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shringara","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From invocation of abundance to serene assurance of sustained beauty and vitality over time.","listener_experience":"Warmth, belonging, being ‘held’ by life-supporting forces.","intensity":5}