HomeVaraha PuranaAdhyaya 97Shloka 29
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Varaha Purana 97.29 — Adhyaya 97, Shloka 29

The Glory of Rudra: The Origin of the Kapālamocana Pilgrimage Site and Rudra’s Expiatory Vow

द्वादशाब्दैर्गतवतः सीमाचारिगणैस्तथा ॥ बलात्कारेण तद्धस्तात्कपालं पातितं भुवि

dvādaśābdair gatavataḥ sīmācārigaṇais tathā || balātkāreṇa tad-hastāt kapālaṃ pātitaṃ bhuvi

Setelah dua belas tahun berlalu, dan juga melalui kelompok-kelompok penjaga batas, dengan paksa mangkuk-tengkorak itu dijatuhkan dari tangannya ke tanah.

dvādaśatwelve
dvādaśa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक-विशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; 'abda' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
abdaiḥby/with years
abdaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootabda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन
gatavataḥof (him/it) that had gone; elapsed
gatavataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootgam (धातु) + vat (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृत्/कृतान्त-विशेषण; 'गतवत्' (one who has gone) इत्यस्य षष्ठी-एकवचन (genitive singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सामान्य; सम्बन्ध (of him who had gone/elapsed)
sīmācārigaṇaiḥby the groups of boundary-guards/patrols
sīmācārigaṇaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsīmā + cārin + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः: सीमायां चारिणः (sīmā-cāri) + गणः; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन
tathāalso; and
tathā:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अन्वयार्थक (also/and so)
balātforcibly
balāt:
Hetu/Prakāra (हेतु/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-निष्पन्न अव्यय (बलात् = by force), तसिल्-प्रत्ययार्थ (ablatival adverb)
kāreṇaby an act (of doing); by forceful action
kāreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; 'बलात्कारेण' इति साधन/प्रकार
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन; 'hastāt' इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (that)
hastātfrom the hand
hastāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roothasta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन
kapālamskull-bowl; skull
kapālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkapāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pātitamfallen; thrown down
pātitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpat (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त/क्तवत्-भाव, past passive participle) 'पातित' = caused to fall/thrown down; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन; 'kapālam' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
bhuvion the ground
bhuvi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

Varāha (default narrative voice)

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":true}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"topic":"prayaschitta","instruction_summary":"The kapāla’s forced fall after twelve years suggests the termination of a binding impurity/penance through time and ritual causality, even via external agents (boundary-guards).","karmic_consequence":"Completion of the binding term results in release (kapāla-patana); premature/incorrect handling would prolong bondage (implicit)."}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"karma-niyati and kāla (time)","core_concept":"Bondage and release unfold through time; when the term ripens, even seemingly external forces become instruments of karmic resolution.","practical_application":"Endure prescribed disciplines until completion; recognize that obstacles/agents may serve the dharmic unfolding rather than merely oppose it."}

Subject Matter: ["Heritage Sites","Ethics","Sacred Geography"]

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Type: liminal boundary zone (sīmā)

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 97.29 (kapāla falls during Gaṅgā immersion—parallel account); Varāha Purāṇa 97.28 (twelve-year marker)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"At the end of twelve years, boundary-patrolling groups forcibly cause the skull-bowl to drop from the deity’s hand onto the earth—an abrupt, decisive release scene.","item_prompts":["skull-bowl falling to ground","figures as boundary-guards (staffs, watchful stance)","gesture of force/dislodging","dust/impact at earth","sense of liminal boundary (gate, marker stones)"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: dynamic tableau—guards in stylized poses, the kapāla mid-fall, strong diagonals, earth-toned ground with ornamental border, controlled intensity.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: central falling kapāla highlighted with gold embossing, guards symmetrically placed, boundary marker rendered as ornate pillar, rich saturated palette.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: narrative realism—guards’ restrained motion, clear depiction of hand and falling object, subtle earth impact, balanced composition.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: crisp storytelling—boundary gate/marker, small group of guards, kapāla falling in a clear arc, minimal background with strong linework."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"tense-to-resolute","suggested_raga":"Shree","pace":"medium-fast","voice_tone":"firm, emphatic on the action verbs (balāt-kāreṇa, pātitam)"}

P
Purāṇic Literature
T
Tīrtha Traditions
Ś
Śaiva-Vaiṣṇava Shared Narratives
A
Ancient Ritual Culture

FAQs

It preserves a Purāṇic narrative motif in which a ritual object (kapāla) marks the culmination of a long vow-period, framing later tīrtha formation as cultural memory of ascetic practice.

No explicit toponym appears in this verse; it functions as a narrative hinge leading to the identification of Kapālamocana Tīrtha in the subsequent verses.

The verse foregrounds endurance over a long period and the turning point where a burden (symbolized by the kapāla) is removed, anticipating themes of purification and moral restoration.

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