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Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 40

Devanagari script

आदिमध्यावसानानां ज्ञानानां छिन्नसंशयाः । परापरविशेषज्ञा नेतारः परमां गतिम् । अवध्या ब्राह्मणास्तस्मात्पापेष्वपि रताः सदा

Transliteration

ādimadhyāvasānānāṃ jñānānāṃ chinnasaṃśayāḥ | parāparaviśeṣajñā netāraḥ paramāṃ gatim | avadhyā brāhmaṇāstasmātpāpeṣvapi ratāḥ sadā

Translation

Mereka telah memutus keraguan tentang pengetahuan—awal, tengah, dan akhirnya. Mengetahui perbedaan hakikat yang lebih tinggi dan yang lebih rendah, mereka menuntun menuju tujuan tertinggi. Karena itu Brāhmaṇa tidak patut dibunuh—meski mereka senantiasa terlibat dalam perbuatan dosa.

Word by Word
आदि-मध्य-अवसानानाम्of beginnings, middles, and ends
आदि-मध्य-अवसानानाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootआदि + मध्य + अवसान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्वः—आदीनि च मध्यानि च अवसानानि च (beginnings, middles, and ends)
ज्ञानानाम्of knowledges/insights
ज्ञानानाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
छिन्नसंशयाःwith doubts dispelled
छिन्नसंशयाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootछिन्न (कृदन्त) + संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—छिन्नाः संशयाः येषाम् (whose doubts are cut off)
परापरविशेषज्ञाःknowers of the distinction between higher and lower
परापरविशेषज्ञाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर + अपर + विशेष + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—परापरयोः विशेषं जानन्ति (knowers of distinctions between higher and lower)
नेतारःleaders/guides
नेतारः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनेतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
परमाम्supreme
परमाम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (gatim)
गतिम्goal/path
गतिम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अवध्याःnot to be killed, inviolable
अवध्याः:
Pradhāna-predicative (Predicate adjective/विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; नञ्-समास-निष्पन्न विशेषण—न वध्याः (not to be slain)
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Hetu (Reason/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक: तद्)
Formहेतु-अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘therefore/from that’)
पापेषुin sins/evil acts
पापेषु:
Adhikaraṇa (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअपि-निपात (even/also)
रताःengaged, devoted
रताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरम् (धातु) → रत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (brāhmaṇāḥ)
सदाalways
सदा:
Kāla (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (adverb of time)
Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) to the assembled sages (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: null

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A serene assembly in Prabhāsa: a venerable brahmana-teacher instructs pilgrims, cutting their doubts; a protective aura signifies the inviolability of the brahmana despite worldly faults.

Characters & Entities
B
Brāhmaṇa
P
Parā (higher reality)
A
Aparā (lower reality)
P
Paramā gati (supreme goal)

FAQs

Those established in spiritual discernment are to be protected; violence toward them is condemned as a grave dharmic transgression.

Prabhāsa-kṣetra, where dharma concerning conduct toward Brāhmaṇas is taught as part of the site’s sanctity.

A strong ethical injunction is given: Brāhmaṇas are avadhya (not to be killed), emphasizing ahiṃsā and restraint.

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