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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

ईश्वर उवाच । सच्छूद्रैरपि नो कार्या वेदाक्षरविचारणा । न श्रोतव्या न पठ्या च पठन्नरकभाग्भवेत्

Transliteration

īśvara uvāca | sacchūdrairapi no kāryā vedākṣaravicāraṇā | na śrotavyā na paṭhyā ca paṭhannarakabhāgbhavet

Translation

Īśvara bersabda: Bahkan oleh ‘śūdra yang baik’ pun tidak patut menelaah huruf-huruf Weda. Weda tidak boleh didengar dan tidak boleh dilantunkan; siapa yang melantunkan menjadi bagian dari neraka.

Word by Word
ईश्वरःĪśvara
ईश्वरः:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सच्छूद्रैःby good śūdras
सच्छूद्रैः:
Karana (Agent/means in passive sense/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + शूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयसमास (“good/true śūdras”)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अप्यर्थक निपात (particle “even/also”)
नःour
नः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/genitive) बहुवचनस्य एन्क्लिटिक रूपम्; “our”
कार्याto be done
कार्या:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; कृतान्त-कर्तव्यता (gerundive: “to be done”), विशेषण (of “vicāraṇā”)
वेदाक्षरविचारणाanalysis of Vedic syllables/letters
वेदाक्षरविचारणा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्षर (प्रातिपदिक) + विचारणा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वेदस्य अक्षराणां विचारणा)
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
श्रोतव्याto be listened to
श्रोतव्या:
Visheshana (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रु (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; कृतान्त-कर्तव्यता (gerundive: “to be heard”), (विचारणा understood)
नnor
न:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
पठ्याto be recited
पठ्या:
Visheshana (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपठ् (धातु) + यत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; कृतान्त-कर्तव्यता (gerundive: “to be recited/read”), (विचारणा understood)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
पठन्reciting
पठन्:
Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootपठ् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि (one who recites)
नरकभाक्a sharer of hell
नरकभाक्:
Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक) + भज् (धातु) → भाक् (कृत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कृतान्त (“narakaṃ bhajate” = one who partakes of hell)
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Īśvara (Śiva)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Skanda (and accompanying sages/audience implied)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic assembly: Īśvara seated as teacher, speaking sternly about śāstra-boundaries; Skanda and sages listen; palm-leaf manuscripts and a sacrificial setting appear in the background to signal Vedic context.

Characters & Entities
Ī
Īśvara
V
Veda
S
Sacchūdra

FAQs

Within the text’s traditional framework, it asserts strict boundaries around Vedic study and recitation, linking transgression to negative karmic consequence.

No tīrtha is named; the verse is a normative instruction within the dialogue.

A prohibition regarding Vedic hearing/recitation and Veda-syllable analysis for those labeled sacchūdra.

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