Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 69

Devanagari script

न तोयवह्निसामीप्ये न जीर्णारण्यगोष्ठयोः । न दंशमशकाकीर्णे न चैत्ये न च चत्वरे

Transliteration

na toyavahnisāmīpye na jīrṇāraṇyagoṣṭhayoḥ | na daṃśamaśakākīrṇe na caitye na ca catvare

Translation

Jangan berlatih dekat air atau api; jangan di tempat yang rusak dan reyot, di hutan, atau di kandang ternak; jangan di tempat yang dipenuhi serangga penggigit dan nyamuk; jangan di caitya (tempat suci), dan jangan di perempatan jalan.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• toya: water
• toya: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• vahni: fire
• vahni: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vahni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• sāmīpya: near/proximity
• sāmīpya: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāmīpya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘सामीप्ये’ = ‘in proximity/near’

• toyavahnisāmīpye: near water or fire
• toyavahnisāmīpye: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya+vahni+sāmīpya (समास)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘तोयवह्निसामीप्ये’ = ‘near water and fire’

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• jīrṇa: old, dilapidated
• jīrṇa: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jṝ (धातु) → jīrṇa (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• araṇya: forest
• araṇya: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: araṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• goṣṭha: cow-pen/cattle-shed
• goṣṭha: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: goṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्विवचन (in verse: goṣṭhayoḥ)

• jīrṇāraṇyagoṣṭhayoḥ: in dilapidated forests or cow-sheds
• jīrṇāraṇyagoṣṭhayoḥ: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīrṇa+araṇya+goṣṭha (समास)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, द्विवचन; ‘...योः’ = ‘in/at (either of) dilapidated forest/cow-shed (places)’

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• daṃśa: gnat/biting insect
• daṃśa: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• maśaka: mosquito
• maśaka: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member)

• ākīrṇa: filled with
• ākīrṇa: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā+kṝ (धातु) → ākīrṇa (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘आकीर्णे (स्थाने)’ = ‘in a place filled with’

• daṃśamaśakākīrṇe: in a place swarming with gnats and mosquitoes
• daṃśamaśakākīrṇe: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daṃśa+maśaka+ākīrṇa (समास)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘दंशमशकाकीर्णे’ = ‘in a place infested with gnats and mosquitoes’

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• caitye: in a shrine/monument (caitya)
• caitye: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• catvare: at a crossroads/public square
• catvare: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: catvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A yogin rejects risky spots: riverbank, firepit, ruined shed, forest edge, cowshed, insect-swarming area, shrine forecourt, and crossroads; he chooses a sheltered quiet place.

Characters & Entities

• Kāśī (Vārāṇasī)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Yoga requires safety and seclusion; distractions and hazards disturb concentration and steadiness.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is singled out; the verse gives general constraints within the Kāśīkhaṇḍa framework.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Do not practice near water/fire, in ruins/forests/cattle-sheds, insect-infested places, shrines, or crossroads.