Shloka 13

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

Devanagari script

उत्सन्नपितृदेवेज्या स्वकर्म्मत्यागिनश्च ये । दुःशीला नास्तिकाः पापास्सदा वाऽसत्यवादिनः

Transliteration

utsannapitṛdevejyā svakarmmatyāginaśca ye | duḥśīlā nāstikāḥ pāpāssadā vā'satyavādinaḥ

Translation

Mereka yang meninggalkan pemujaan kepada Pitṛ dan para dewa, menanggalkan kewajiban karmanya sendiri, berperilaku rusak, ateis, berdosa, dan selalu berdusta—mereka jatuh dari kehidupan dharma Śaiva.

Word by Word

• उत्सन्नपितृदेवेज्याः: those whose worship of ancestors and gods has lapsed
• उत्सन्नपितृदेवेज्याः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्सन्न (कृदन्त, √सद्/सद्?; here adjectival ‘ruined’) + पितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक) + इज्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: पितॄणां देवानां च इज्या यस्य/येषां सा; उत्सन्न-विशेषणपूर्वक

• स्वकर्मत्यागिनः: abandoners of their own duties
• स्वकर्मत्यागिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + त्यागिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: स्वकर्मणः त्यागिनः (abandoners of one’s own duties)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ये: who/those who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• दुःशीलाḥ: ill-conducted
• दुःशीलाḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःशील (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• नास्तिकाः: atheists/deniers
• नास्तिकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नास्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• पापाः: sinful
• पापाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Alternative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• असत्यवादिनः: speakers of falsehood
• असत्यवादिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + वादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः: असत्यं वदन्ति इति (speakers of untruth)

Speaker

Lord Shiva (as a doctrinal teaching within Umāsaṃhitā)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga legend; it lists disqualifying traits: abandoning pitṛ/deva worship, forsaking svadharma, bad conduct, nāstikya, pāpa, and habitual lying—conditions that thicken pāśa and block Śiva’s anugraha.

Significance: Reinforces that Śiva-bhakti is not antinomian: it presupposes satya, svadharma, and reverence to pitṛs/devas as part of ethical caryā leading toward eligibility for grace.

Ritual Elements

Offering: naivedya

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It warns that abandoning dharma—truthfulness, right conduct, and sacred obligations like Pitṛ and Deva worship—creates inner impurity (pāśa) that blocks devotion and the descent of Śiva’s grace needed for liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship in the Shiva Purana is not merely ritual; it is grounded in dharmic living. One who rejects sacred duties and lives by falsehood undermines the purity and faith (bhakti) through which Saguna Śiva is approached and worship becomes fruitful.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The implied practice is dharma-sādhana: maintain truthfulness and right conduct, and uphold daily worship/offerings (including Pitṛ and Deva rites) alongside Śiva-bhakti—supported by japa of the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) where applicable.