Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

यद्यस्ति सुकृतं किंचित्तपो वा नियमोऽपि वा । खिन्नोहमुपवासेन तपसा निश्चलेन च

yadyasti sukṛtaṃ kiṃcittapo vā niyamo'pi vā | khinnohamupavāsena tapasā niścalena ca

Jika ada sedikit saja kebajikan dalam diriku—dari perbuatan baik, tapa, atau laku aturan—namun aku telah letih oleh puasa dan tapa yang tak terputus serta tak bergerak.

यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, शर्तसूचक (conditional particle)
अस्तिthere is
अस्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (सत्तायाम्/धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
सुकृतम्merit; good deed
सुकृतम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
किंचित्some; a little
किंचित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिंचित् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
Formअनिश्चित-प्रमाणवाचक सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सुकृतम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle)
नियमःobservance; restraint
नियमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनियम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
अपिalso; even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (also/even)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विकल्पार्थक
खिन्नःweary; distressed
खिन्नः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootखिन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण, पुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अहम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उपवासेनby fasting
उपवासेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootउपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुँलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
निश्चलेनsteadfast; unmoving
निश्चलेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तपसा इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

Parvati (Umā)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Sthala Purana: Not a jyotirliṅga episode; the verse belongs to Umā’s tapas narrative, emphasizing the strain of upavāsa and niścala-tapas undertaken for Śiva.

Significance: Models tapas and niyama as preparatory disciplines; in Śaiva Siddhānta terms, it reflects the soul’s effort under mala and māyā before Śiva’s anugraha becomes manifest.

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

It highlights that personal merit (sukṛta), vows (niyama), and austerity (tapas) can purify, yet severe bodily practices alone may exhaust the seeker; in Shaiva Siddhanta, liberation ultimately ripens through Shiva’s grace (anugraha) when devotion and right intention mature.

The verse reflects a devotee’s inner state during intense sādhana aimed at attaining Shiva; Linga/Saguna worship emphasizes steady devotion with mantra and offering, not merely self-mortification—directing effort toward Shiva as Pati, the giver of grace.

Moderate vrata and upavāsa may be undertaken, but the implied takeaway is to pair discipline with Shiva-bhakti—such as japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and focused meditation—rather than relying only on rigid, exhausting austerity.