Rig Veda 7.73.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 73, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.73

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 7; internal mention in 7.73.3 supports Vasiṣṭha)

Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā), the twin divine physicians/helpers

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.73; confirm against pada-count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अतारिष्म तमसस्पारमस्य प्रति स्तोमं देवयन्तो दधानाः । पुरुदंसा पुरुतमा पुराजामर्त्या हवते अश्विना गीः ॥

Transliteration

atā́riṣma támasas pā́ram asyá práti stómaṃ devayánto dádhānāḥ | purudáṃsā purutámā purājā́m amartyā havate aśvínā gī́ḥ ||

Translation

Kami telah menyeberangi kegelapan ini hingga ke seberang jauhnya, menegakkan stoma—nyanyian pujian yang menjawab—dalam hasrat menuju para dewa. Sang Sabda memanggil Aśvin: kaya akan banyak karya yang berdaya, paling melimpah, lahir purba, tak-mati; agar mereka datang dengan daya-daya pertolongan yang bercahaya.

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Word by Word

• अतारिष्म: we have crossed
• अतारिष्म: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तॄ (तरणे) / तॄ-धातु

• तमसः: of darkness
• तमसः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पारम्: the far shore / the end
• पारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘far shore/end’)

• अस्य: of this
• अस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रति: towards / in response to
• प्रति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• स्तोमम्: hymn of praise
• स्तोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवयन्तः: seeking the gods / godward
• देवयन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: देवयन्त् (देवय्-प्रातिपदिक; desiderative/denominative sense ‘seeking the gods’)

• दधानाः: placing / holding
• दधानाः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √धा (धारणे) → दधाना (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

• पुरुदंसाः: O two of many wondrous powers
• पुरुदंसाः: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: पुरु-दंस (समास; पुरु ‘many’ + दंस ‘wondrous deed/power’)

• पुरुतमा: O most abundant (in gifts/powers), you two
• पुरुतमा: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-तम (तमप्-प्रत्यय; superlative of पुरु)

• पुराजाम्: O two born long ago / primeval-born
• पुराजाम्: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: पुरा-ज (समास; पुरा ‘formerly/long’ + ज ‘born’)

• मर्त्याः: mortals
• मर्त्याः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• हवते: calls / invokes
• हवते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (आह्वाने)

• अश्विना: the Aśvins (the two horsemen)
• अश्विना: Karma
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गीः: the song (hymn)
• गीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गी / गिर् (प्रातिपदिक ‘song, hymn’)