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Rig Veda 5.45.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 45, Mantra 2

Sukta 5.45

Rishi: Atri Bhauma
Devata: Sūrya (with associated ‘Mother of cows’ imagery: dawn/earth/illumination-source)
Chandas: Trishtubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि सूर्यो अमतिं न श्रियं सादोर्वाद्गवां माता जानती गात् । धन्वर्णसो नद्यः खादोअर्णाः स्थूणेव सुमिता दृंहत द्यौः ॥

Transliteration

ví sū́ryo amatíṃ ná śríyaṃ sādór vā́d gavā́ṃ mātā́ jānatī́ gāt | dhánvārṇaso nadyàḥ khā́dorṇāḥ sthū́ṇeva sumitā́ dṛṃhata dyáuḥ ||

Translation

Surya membentangkan kemilau, sebagaimana kebingungan disingkirkan; dari kediaman, Sang Ibu sapi-sapi yang mengetahui bergerak keluar. Seperti sungai-sungai berair lebar, seperti alur-alur dengan arus yang menderu, Langit ditegakkan kokoh, laksana tiang yang tertanam baik.

Word by Word
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अमतिम्lack of thought; folly
अमतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअ-मति (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
श्रियम्splendour; fortune
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक)
सादोःof the seat/sitting-place; of the settlement
सादोः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसादु/साद (प्रातिपदिक; RV form)
वात्from the wind
वात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक)
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
माताmother
माता:
Kartā (in apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
जानतीknowing; aware
जानती:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√ज्ञा (धातु) → जानत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
गात्went; came
गात्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√गा (धातु)
धन्वर्णसःthose of bow-like/arched appearance; (epithet of waters/streams)
धन्वर्णसः:
Kartā (new clause subject)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधन्वर्णस् (प्रातिपदिक; RV compound)
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
खादःchannels; clefts; ‘eaters’ (i.e., eroding streams)
खादः:
Kartā (apposition/epithet)
TypeNoun
Rootखाद (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्णाःfloods; waves; waters
अर्णाः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
स्थूणाa pillar; post
स्थूणा:
Kartā (in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootस्थूणा (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
सुमिताwell-measured; well-built
सुमिता:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसु-√मा (धातु) → मित (कृदन्त) / सुमित (प्रातिपदिक)
दृंहतmakes firm; strengthens
दृंहत:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√दृंह् (धातु)
द्यौःHeaven; the Sky
द्यौः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
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