Rig Veda 10.74.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 74, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.74

Devata: Immortal powers (likely Vasus/Devas collectively)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इयमेषाममृतानां गीः सर्वताता ये कृपणन्त रत्नम् । धियं च यज्ञं च साधन्तस्ते नो धान्तु वसव्यमसामि ॥

Transliteration

iyám eṣām amṛ́tānāṃ gī́ḥ sarvatā́tā yé kṛ́paṇanta rátnaṃ | dhíyaṃ ca yajñáṃ ca sā́dhantas té no dhāntu vasavyám asāmi ||

Translation

Inilah nyanyian yang menjangkau segala arah dari para amerta (yang tak-mati) yang memelihara ratna (harta/permata anugerah). Mereka menyempurnakan baik dhi (wawasan-cerah) maupun yajña (kurban suci); semoga mereka menegakkan dalam diri kami sifat Vasu—semoga kami berada dalam kepenuhan itu.

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Word by Word

• इयम्: this (she/this one)
• इयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एषाम्: of these (of them)
• एषाम्: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्-आदेश; सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतानाम्: of the immortals / of immortal ones
• अमृतानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक) < a- + मृत (√मृ)

• गीः: song, hymn, chant
• गीः: Kartā (predicate nominative with इयम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गी (प्रातिपदिक) < √गै/√गि (to sing)

• सर्वताताः: all-reaching, universal
• सर्वताताः: Viśeṣaṇa (of गीः)
• Type: Adjective (qualifying गीः)
• Root: सर्वताति/सर्वतात (प्रातिपदिक; ‘universality, all-extent’) < सर्व + ताति

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā (of कृपणन्त)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• कृपणन्त: they begrudge / act miserly
• कृपणन्त: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृप्/√कृपण् (वैदिक: to be miserly/act meanly; ‘to begrudge’)

• रत्नम्: treasure, precious gift
• रत्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• धियम्: thought, insight, devotion
• धियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धि (प्रातिपदिक) < √धी (to think)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज् (to worship/sacrifice)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• साधन्तः: accomplishing, bringing to completion
• साधन्तः: Kartā (of implied action ‘accomplishing’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √साध् (to accomplish) → साधन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā (of धान्तु)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• धान्तु: let them bestow / may they place
• धान्तु: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (to place, bestow)

• वसव्यम्: wealth, a Vasu-like (rich) boon
• वसव्यम्: Karma (object of धान्तु)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वसव्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to/fit for the Vasus’, ‘wealth-giving’) < वसु

• असामि: I am / I exist
• असामि: Kriyā (speaker’s assertion)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (to be) + (वैदिक) आ-प्रवृत्ति/आगम; form used as 1st sg present