Rig Veda 10.147.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 147, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.147

Devata: Indra (Maghavan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स इन्नु रायः सुभृतस्य चाकनन्मदं यो अस्य रंह्यं चिकेतति । त्वावृधो मघवन्दाश्वध्वरो मक्षू स वाजं भरते धना नृभिः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.147.4

Transliteration

sa ín nu rāyáḥ su-bhṛ́tasya cākanan mádaṃ yó asya raṃhyáṃ cíketati | tvā́-vṛdhaḥ maghavan dāśvá-dhvaro mákṣū sá vā́jaṃ bharate dhánā nṛ́bhiḥ ||

Translation

Ia kini sungguh bersukacita dalam madah rāyaḥ yang terpelihara baik, ia yang mengenali daya geraknya yang cepat. Wahai Maghavan, sang pelaku yajña yang persembahannya menambah-Mu, dengan segera membawa Vāja—kepenuhan daya—dan kekayaan, dengan bantuan nṛbhiḥ, daya-daya kepahlawanan di dalamnya.

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• नु: now, indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (निपात)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक: ‘wealth’)

• सुभृतस्य: well-bestowed / well-supported
• सुभृतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-भृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √भृ ‘to bear’ + सु-)

• चाकनत्: was pleased / took delight
• चाकनत्: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कन्/कण् (Vedic: ‘to be pleased, to desire, to like’)

• मदम्: intoxication, exhilaration
• मदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्य: of him / his
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रंह्यम्: swift, impetuous
• रंह्यम्: Karma (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रंह्य (प्रातिपदिक; from रंह् ‘speed, swiftness’)

• चिकेतति: perceives, recognizes
• चिकेतति: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (to perceive, notice, understand) with reduplication (Vedic present)

• त्वावृधः: strengthening you (O Indra)
• त्वावृधः: Kartā (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वा-वृध (प्रातिपदिक; ‘increasing you’; √वृध् ‘to grow/increase’ with त्वा-)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; epithet of Indra ‘bountiful’)

• दाश्वध्वरः: the sacrificer who has given (gifts)
• दाश्वध्वरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (compound) / Adjective
• Root: दाश्वस् (perf. ptc. of √दा ‘to give’) + अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक ‘sacrifice’)

• मक्षु: quickly, soon
• मक्षु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मक्षु (अव्यय)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजम्: prize, strength, booty
• वाजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• भरते: brings, wins, bears
• भरते: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (to bear, bring)

• धनाः: riches, treasures
• धनाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृभिः: with men / by heroes
• नृभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक ‘man, hero’)