Rig Veda 1.48.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 48, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.48

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa

Devata: Uṣas

Chandas: Jagatī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

विश्वस्य हि प्राणनं जीवनं त्वे वि यदुच्छसि सूनरि । सा नो रथेन बृहता विभावरि श्रुधि चित्रामघे हवम् ॥

Transliteration

víśvasya hí prā́ṇanaṃ jī́vanaṃ tvé ví yád ucchási sūnari | sā́ no ráthena bṛhatā́ vibhāvari śrudhí citrāmaghe hávam ||

Translation

Sebab di dalam engkaulah napas dan hidup segala sesuatu ketika engkau terbit, wahai Fajar yang mahir. Maka, wahai yang bersinar luas dengan keretamu yang agung, dengarkanlah seruan kami, wahai yang berharta cahaya.

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Word by Word

• विश्वस्य: of all, of the whole
• विश्वस्य: Sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• प्राणनम्: breathing, enlivening
• प्राणनम्: Karma (as predicate/object notion: ‘breathing/animation’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राणन (from √अन् ‘to breathe’ with pra-)

• जीवनम्: life, living
• जीवनम्: Karma (predicate/object notion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीवन (from √जीव् ‘to live’)

• त्वे: in you
• त्वे: Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘in you’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: वि

• यत्: when; that which
• यत्: Karma (relative object: ‘when/that which’)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद्

• उच्छसि: you dawn, you shine forth
• उच्छसि: Kartā (you as agent)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वस् (ucch- < ud+√वस् ‘to shine, dawn’)

• सूनरि: O fair/bright one (Uṣas)
• सूनरि: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: सूनरी

• सा: she
• सा: Kartā (she = Uṣas)
• Type: Pronoun (demonstrative)
• Root: तद्

• नः: for us; of us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary: ‘for us’) / Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• रथेन: with a chariot
• रथेन: Karaṇa (instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ

• बृहता: great, lofty
• बृहता: Karaṇa (qualifier of instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त्

• वि: widely, forth
• वि: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: वि

• भावरि: O radiant one (dispeller of darkness)
• भावरि: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: विभावरी

• श्रुधि: hear! listen!
• श्रुधि: Kartā (you as agent of hearing)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु

• चित्रामघे: O you of splendid bounty
• चित्रामघे: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: चित्रामघा

• हवम्: invocation, call
• हवम्: Karma (object of ‘hear’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव