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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 105, Shloka 31

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

रथं च तस्याथजवेनसाथिर्निवार्यभीमंजलदस्वनंतदा ।जगामभीत्यासमरान्महीपतिंनिरस्तवीर्यंपतितंसमीक्ष्य ।।।।

rathaṁ ca tasyātha javena sāthir nivārya bhīmaṁ jalada-svanaṁ tadā |

jagāma bhītyā samarān mahīpatiṁ nirasta-vīryaṁ patitaṁ samīkṣya ||

Lalu sang sais, dengan sigap menahan kereta yang mengerikan itu—yang menderu laksana guntur awan—dan karena takut ia melarikan diri dari medan laga, setelah melihat sang raja terjatuh, keberaniannya telah sirna.

rathamchariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction/particle)
tasyaof him / his
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana (Singular)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormKramārtha-avyaya (sequencing adverb/particle)
javenawith speed
javena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/commonly), Tṛtīyā-vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)
sārathiḥthe charioteer
sārathiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
nivāryahaving stopped/checked
nivārya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√vṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having restrained/stopped’
bhīmamterrible
bhīmam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhīma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular); viśeṣaṇa of jaladasvanam
jaladasvanamone with cloud-like roar
jaladasvanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjalada-svana (प्रातिपदिक; jalada + svana)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
tadāat that time
tadā:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormKāla-avyaya (temporal adverb)
jagāmawent
jagāma:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/Past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular); Parasmaipada
bhītyāout of fear
bhītyā:
Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhīti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Tṛtīyā-vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)
samarātfrom the battle
samarāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Pañcamī-vibhakti (Ablative/5th), Ekavacana (Singular)
mahīpatimthe king
mahīpatim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī-pati (प्रातिपदिक; mahī + pati)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
nirastavīryamwhose valor was lost
nirastavīryam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnirasta-vīrya (प्रातिपदिक; nirasta + vīrya)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular); viśeṣaṇa of mahīpatim
patitamfallen
patitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita (प्रातिपदिक; √pat + क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular); viśeṣaṇa of mahīpatim
samīkṣyahaving seen
samīkṣya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√īkṣ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having seen/observed’

Then the charioteer perceiving that the king has lost his valiance and fallen, went quickly from the battlefield, in fear, as the chariot was rumbling like a terrible cloud.।। itayāraṣēvālamīkīyēśarīmadarāmāyaṇēādikāvayēyudadhakāṇaḍēpañacōtataraśatatamasasaragaḥ ।।This is the end of the hundred and fifth sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

R
Rāvaṇa (mahīpati, king)
C
Charioteer (sārathi)
B
Battlefield (samara)

FAQs

Adharma culminates in loss of courage and loss of support: when a ruler falls from righteousness, fear replaces resolve, and the world around him responds with withdrawal rather than loyalty.

Rāvaṇa is perceived as fallen and drained of valor; his charioteer turns the chariot and escapes the battle.

Rāma’s righteous pressure (implied) that breaks the opponent’s morale; and the attendant’s survival-driven pragmatism when the leader is no longer effective.