Valmiki Ramayana 2.93.9: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 9

चित्रकूटमार्गवर्णनम्

Bharata’s Army Reaches Chitrakuta and Searches for Rama

Devanagari script

गिरे स्सानूनि रम्याणि चित्रकूटस्य सम्प्रति। वारणैरवमृद्यन्ते मामकै पर्वतोपमैः।।2.93.9।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.93.9

Transliteration

gireḥ sānūni ramyāṇi citrakūṭasya samprati | vāraṇair avamṛdyante māmakaiḥ parvatopamaiḥ || 2.93.9 ||

Translation

Kini lereng-lereng indah Gunung Citrakūṭa sedang terinjak-injak oleh gajah-gajahku, yang besar laksana gunung.

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Word by Word

• गिरेः: of the mountain
• गिरेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• सानूनि: ridges, slopes
• सानूनि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• रम्याणि: beautiful, delightful
• रम्याणि: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) सानूनि इति विशेष्यस्य

• चित्रकूटस्य: of Chitrakuta
• चित्रकूटस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रकूट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: चित्र + कूट (तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• सम्प्रति: now, at present
• सम्प्रति: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• वारणैः: by elephants
• वारणैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अवमृद्यन्ते: are being trampled/crushed
• अवमृद्यन्ते: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + मृद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)

• मामकैः: my, belonging to me
• मामकैः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मामक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) वारणैः इति विशेष्यस्य

• पर्वतोपमैः: resembling mountains
• पर्वतोपमैः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर्वत + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: पर्वत-उपम (तत्पुरुष; ‘mountain-like’); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण वारणैः

Context

The enchanting ridges of mount Chitrakuta are now trampled by my mountain-like elephants.

Characters & Entities

• Citrakūṭa
• Bharata
• elephants (vāraṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights moral sensitivity to harm caused even unintentionally: Bharata recognizes that his royal retinue damages a sacred and beautiful landscape. Dharma here includes accountability and restraint, not merely power.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata is approaching Citrakūṭa to seek Rāma; seeing (or imagining) the impact of his elephants on the mountain’s ridges, he laments the disturbance caused by his own forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s humility and remorse—he does not glorify royal might; instead he feels responsible for disruption and seeks reconciliation with Rāma.