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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 81, Shloka 3

एकाशीति तमः सर्गः

Bharata’s Grief, Courtly Summons, and the Assembly Hall

स तूर्यघोष स्सुमहान्दिवमापूरयन्निव।भरतं शोकसन्तप्तं भूयश्शोकैररन्ध्रयत्।।।।

sa tūrya-ghoṣaḥ sumahān divam āpūrayann iva |

bharataṃ śoka-santaptaṃ bhūyaḥ śokair arandhrayat ||

Gema dahsyat bunyi alat musik itu, seakan memenuhi cakrawala, menenggelamkan Bharata yang telah terbakar oleh duka ke dalam duka yang lebih dalam lagi.

saḥthat
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
tūrya-ghoṣaḥthe sound of trumpets/instruments
tūrya-ghoṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + ghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (sound of instruments); पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.)
sumahānvery great
sumahān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + mahant (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); विशेषण to 'tūryaghoṣaḥ'
divamheaven/sky
divam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdiv (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन (sg.)
āpūrayanfilling
āpūrayan:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/participial)
TypeVerb
Rootā + √pṝ (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन (sg.); 'filling'
ivaas if
iva:
Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमानद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (particle of comparison)
bharatamBharata
bharatam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbharata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन (sg.)
śoka-santaptamtormented by grief
śoka-santaptam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक) + santapta (कृदन्त; √tap धातु)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन (sg.); विशेषण to 'bharatam'
bhūyaḥstill more
bhūyaḥ:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhūyas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; पुनरर्थक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): 'again/more'
śokaiḥwith sorrows
śokaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr.), बहुवचन (pl.)
arandhrayatoverwhelmed/filled
arandhrayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roota + √randh (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.); causative sense in context: 'made (him) without interval/filled up'

The shrill trempets which seemed to fill the heavens caused much more distress to the already grief-stricken Bharata.

B
Bharata
T
tūrya (musical instruments/trumpets)

FAQs

The verse underscores the human cost when dharma is disturbed: public ritual sounds, normally auspicious, become painful in a time of moral and familial rupture.

The ceremonial blaring in the palace occurs while Bharata is in deep mourning, intensifying his emotional turmoil.

Bharata’s sensitivity and conscience: his grief reflects moral awareness of the wrong done and the calamity that has followed.

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