Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 57

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

तुर्ष्णार्तं सति पानीये विप्रलम्भेन योजयेत्।लभेत तस्य यत्पापं यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

tṛṣṇārtaṃ sati pānīye vipralambhena yojayet | labheta tasya yat pāpaṃ yasya āryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

Semoga dia—yang dengan persetujuannya saudaraku yang mulia dibuang—menanggung dosa orang yang, meski air tersedia, dengan kejam menipu orang yang tersiksa kehausan dan mengatur agar pertolongan tidak sampai.

Word by Word

• तुर्ष्णार्तम्: one afflicted by thirst
• तुर्ष्णार्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृष्णा + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (implicit person)

• सति: when there is/while present
• सति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अस् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: सप्तमी-सम्बन्धे शतृन्त (locative absolute), अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग; 'being/when there is'

• पानीये: in water (available)
• पानीये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पानीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• विप्रलम्भेन: by deception
• विप्रलम्भेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रलम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण

• योजयेत्: may engage/subject (him)
• योजयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• लभेत: may obtain
• लभेत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पापम्: sin
• पापम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यः: the noble one
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनुमते: with consent
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गतः: has gone/was exiled
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way a person who in possession of water does not give it to one suffering fromthirst acquires it!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama (ārya)
• water (pānīya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Withholding essential aid through deception is a direct violation of compassion and truth; dharma demands honest help when one has the capacity to relieve suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata equates the exile’s sanction with a calculated cruelty: denying water to the thirsty despite possessing it.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and straightforwardness (satya): Bharata condemns not only harm but the deceitful intention behind it.