Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 35

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

अप्राप्य सदृशान् दाराननपत्यः प्रमीयताम्।अनवाप्य क्रियां धर्म्यां यस्याऽर्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

aprāpya sadṛśān dārān anapatyaḥ pramīyatām | anavāpya kriyāṃ dharmyāṃ yasyāryo ’numate gataḥ ||

Translation

Semoga orang yang atas persetujuannya saudaraku yang mulia dibuang, mati tanpa memperoleh istri yang sepadan, tanpa keturunan, dan tanpa pernah menunaikan kewajiban dharma yang suci.

Word by Word

• aprāpya: without obtaining
• aprāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-pra-āp (प्र-आप्, धातु) + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); ‘not having obtained’

• sadṛśān: suitable; worthy
• sadṛśān: Karmaviśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sadṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dārān

• dārān: wife/wives
• dārān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (pluralia tantum), द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• anapatyaḥ: childless
• anapatyaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-apatya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त विशेषण (without offspring)

• pramīyatām: let him die
• pramīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-mī (प्र-मी, धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; आज्ञार्थे/आशीर्लिङ्गार्थे ‘let him die’

• anavāpya: without performing/attaining
• anavāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-āp (अनु-आप्, धातु) + ya (ल्यप्) with negation
• Form: ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘not having attained/performed’

• kriyām: rite; religious act
• kriyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• dharmyām: righteous; prescribed by dharma
• dharmyām: Karmaviśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharmya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of kriyām

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• āryaḥ: the noble one
• āryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• anumate: with consent
• anumate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anumati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• gataḥ: gone; exiled
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम्, धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother die without winning a worthy wife and without begetting offspring and without performing religious deeds!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is sustained through responsible family life and dharmic actions; denial of these becomes a symbolic punishment for grave wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s grief turns into formalized curses that map wrongdoing to the loss of socially and religiously valued life-goals.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s reverence for dharmic life—marriage, progeny, and righteous rites as pillars of social order.