Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 50, Shloka 20

गङ्गादर्शनम् तथा गुहसमागमः

Vision of the Gaṅgā and Meeting with Guha

Devanagari script

क्वचित्तीररुहैर्वृक्षैर्मालाभिरिवशोभिताम्।क्वचित्फुल्लोत्पलच्छन्नां क्वचित्पद्मवनाकुलाम्।।2.50.20।।

Transliteration

kvacit tīra-ruhair vṛkṣair mālābhir iva śobhitām |

kvacit phullotpala-channāṃ kvacit padma-vanākulām ||2.50.20||

Translation

Di beberapa tempat, pepohonan yang tumbuh di tepinya menghiasinya laksana rangkaian bunga; di tempat lain ia tertutup teratai biru yang sedang mekar, dan di tempat lain lagi dipenuhi rimbun belukar kebun teratai.

Word by Word

• क्वचित्: in some places
• क्वचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्वचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (locative adverb: ‘somewhere/at some places’)

• तीर-रुहैः: with bank-growing
• तीर-रुहैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीर (प्रातिपदिक) + रुह (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √रुह् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण ‘तीरे रुहन्ति’ = ‘bank-growing’

• वृक्षैः: by trees
• वृक्षैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन

• मालाभिः: with garlands
• मालाभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन

• इव: like/as if
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• शोभिताम्: adorned
• शोभिताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोभित (कृदन्त; √शुभ्/√शोभ् धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (क्त)

• क्वचित्: in some places
• क्वचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्वचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय

• फुल्ल-उत्पल-छन्नाम्: covered with blooming water-lilies
• फुल्ल-उत्पल-छन्नाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: फुल्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्पल (प्रातिपदिक) + छन्न (कृदन्त; √छद् धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (क्त) ‘छन्न’ = ‘covered’

• क्वचित्: in some places
• क्वचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्वचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय

• पद्म-वन-आकुलाम्: teeming with lotus-groves
• पद्म-वन-आकुलाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पद्म (प्रातिपदिक) + वन (प्रातिपदिक) + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण ‘पद्मवनैः आकुला’ = ‘crowded with lotus-groves’

Context

Here on her banks stand trees adorned as though with garlands, and there in her waters abound full-blown lilies and a forest of lotuses.

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as appreciation without possession: beauty is presented as sacred and shared, cultivating non-grasping and respectful enjoyment.

What is the narrative situation?

A continued scenic description of the Gaṅgā’s banks and flora during Rāma’s journey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Aparigraha-like restraint (non-appropriation) and gratitude toward the natural world.