Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 5, Shloka 19

अभिषेकोपवास-आदेशः

Coronation Preparations and the Fast Enjoined

Devanagari script

तदा ह्ययोध्यानिलयः सस्त्रीबालाबलो जनः।रामाभिषेकमाकाङ्क्षन्नाकाङ्क्षदुदयं रवेः।।।।

Transliteration

tadā hy ayodhyānilayaḥ sastrībālābalo janaḥ |

rāmābhiṣekam ākāṅkṣann ākāṅkṣad udayaṃ raveḥ ||

Translation

Maka penduduk Ayodhyā—para perempuan, anak-anak, dan orang tua—yang merindukan abhiṣeka Rāma, dengan penuh hasrat menantikan terbitnya sang surya.

Word by Word

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (indeed/for)

• ayodhyā-nilayaḥ: dwelling in Ayodhyā
• ayodhyā-nilayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ayodhyā (प्रातिपदिक) + nilaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (‘dwelling in Ayodhyā’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of janaḥ)

• sa-strī-bāla-abalaḥ: including women, children, and the weak
• sa-strī-bāla-abalaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + strī (प्रातिपदिक) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + abala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (‘with women, children, and the weak’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of janaḥ)

• janaḥ: the people
• janaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rāma-abhiṣekam: Rāma’s coronation
• rāma-abhiṣekam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + abhiṣeka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘Rāma’s coronation’); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ākāṅkṣan: desiring
• ākāṅkṣan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-kāṅkṣ (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि (desiring)

• ākāṅkṣat: desired
• ākāṅkṣat: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-kāṅkṣ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• udayam: the rising
• udayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: udaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• raveḥ: of the sun
• raveḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ravi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

Context

Could you, O sage, whose wealth is asceticism go to Rama engaged in strict observance of vows and advise him along with Sita, my daughter-in-law to undertake fast for securing prosperity, fame and kingdom.

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhyā
• Rāma
• Ravi (the Sun, as sunrise)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the people’s aspiration for satya-aligned governance: they yearn for a ruler whose truthfulness and righteousness promise welfare for all.

What is the narrative situation?

All sections of Ayodhyā’s population wait impatiently for dawn because the coronation rites are expected then.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s trustworthiness (satya, dharma) as the cause of universal public confidence and anticipation.