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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 41, Shloka 20

अयोध्यायाः शोकप्रकम्पः

Ayodhya’s Tremor of Grief and Omens

ये तु रामस्य सुहृद स्सर्वे ते मूढचेतसः।शोकभारेण चाक्रान्ता श्शयनं न जहुस्तदा।।2.41.20।।

ye tu rāmasya suhṛdaḥ sarve te mūḍhacetasaḥ | śokabhāreṇa cākrāntāḥ śayanaṃ na jahus tadā || 2.41.20 ||

Dan semua sahabat Rama, hati mereka menjadi bingung; tertindih oleh beban duka, pada saat itu mereka tidak bangkit dari pembaringan mereka.

yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता) of "jahus"
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun
tubut
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); particle (निपात) indicating contrast/emphasis
rāmasyaof Rama
rāmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
suhṛdaḥfriends
suhṛdaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) of "jahus" (apposition to "ye")
TypeNoun
Rootsuhṛd (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
sarveall
sarve:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "ye/suhṛdaḥ"
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता) of "jahus"
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); correlative pronoun
mūḍha-cetasaḥbewildered in mind
mūḍha-cetasaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "te"
TypeAdjective
Rootmūḍha (कृदन्त; √muh (मुह्), क्त) + cetas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: "bewildered" + "minded"
śoka-bhāreṇaby/with the burden of grief
śoka-bhāreṇa:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: "burden of sorrow"
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); conjunction
ākrāntāḥoverwhelmed/afflicted
ākrāntāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "te"
TypeAdjective
Rootā + √kram (क्रम्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
śayanambed; couch
śayanam:
Apādāna/Karma (अपादानभाव; object left) of "jahus"
TypeNoun
Rootśayana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); negation particle
jahusthey left/abandoned
jahus:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hā (हा)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); adverb of time

All the friends of Rama were stupefied. Afflicted with the burden of sorrow they did not leave their bed.

R
Rama

FAQs

It highlights suhṛt-dharma (the ethic of loyal friendship): true friends are inwardly shaken by a righteous person’s suffering and cannot remain unaffected.

Rama’s close companions in Ayodhya are so grief-stricken by his exile that they remain bedridden, stunned and inert.

The friends’ fidelity and emotional integrity—genuine attachment to virtue expresses itself as sincere sorrow, not indifference.