Valmiki Ramayana 2.3.4 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 4

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

चैत्रश्श्रीमानयं मासः पुण्यः पुष्पितकाननः।यौवराज्याय रामस्य सर्वमेवोपकल्प्यताम्।।।।राज्ञस्तूपरते वाक्ये जनघोषो महानभूत्।

Transliteration

caitraḥ śrīmān ayaṃ māsaḥ puṇyaḥ puṣpitakānanaḥ |

yauvarājyāya rāmasya sarvam evopakalyatām ||

rājñas tūparate vākye janaghoṣo mahān abhūt ||

Translation

“Bulan Caitra ini penuh kemuliaan dan suci, dengan rimba yang sedang berbunga. Hendaklah segala persiapan dilakukan untuk penobatan Rāma sebagai yuvarāja (putra mahkota).” Setelah raja selesai bertitah, terdengarlah sorak-sorai besar dari rakyat.

Word by Word

• चैत्रः: (the month) of Chaitra
• चैत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) मासः इति विशेष्यस्य

• श्रीमान्: auspicious, splendid
• श्रीमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण मासः इति विशेष्यस्य

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम; विशेषण मासः इति विशेष्यस्य

• मासः: month
• मासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• पुण्यः: sacred
• पुण्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण मासः इति विशेष्यस्य

• पुष्पितकाननः: having blossoming groves
• पुष्पितकाननः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṣpita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + kānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (puṣpitaṃ kānanaṃ yasya/puṣpita-kānanaḥ); विशेषण मासः इति विशेष्यस्य

• यौवराज्याय: for the heir-apparency/installation as prince-regent
• यौवराज्याय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yauvarājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदानार्थे

• रामस्य: of Rama
• रामस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपकल्प्यताम् इति क्रियायाः कर्म

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphatic)

• उपकल्प्यताम्: let it be arranged/prepared
• उपकल्प्यताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa + √kḷp (कॢप्) (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive); विधिलिङ्गार्थे आज्ञा/अनुज्ञा

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; contrast/emphasis)

• उपरते: (when it) had ceased/stopped
• उपरते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa + √ram (रम्) (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-प्राय/कृदन्त-निष्ठा-प्रयोगः; उपरत (कृदन्त) इत्यस्य सप्तमी एकवचन नपुंसक/पुं?; अत्र 'वाक्ये' इति सप्तमी-विशेषणरूपेण: 'वाक्ये उपरते' = 'when the speech ceased' (locative absolute)

• वाक्ये: in/when the words (speech)
• वाक्ये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; अधिकरण; उपरते इति सह सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• जनघोषः: people's acclamation/applause
• जनघोषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक) + ghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (janānāṃ ghoṣaḥ)

• महान्: great
• महान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण जनघोषः इति विशेष्यस्य

• अभूत्: arose/occurred
• अभूत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू) (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

This auspicious month of Chaitra is sacred with its blossoming groves. Let all the arrangements be made for the installation of Rama as heirapparent. On hearing this, all the members of the assembly applauded the king tumultously.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• yauvarājya (heir-apparent consecration)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rajadharma includes orderly succession and acting in harmony with auspicious timing and public welfare; the people’s acclaim signals social endorsement of a righteous choice.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha issues the formal instruction to prepare for Rāma’s installation as heir-apparent, and the assembly responds with loud approval.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s sense of governance and responsibility in arranging succession; Rāma’s implied fitness, validated by public acclaim.