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Shloka 5

Kārtika-Māhātmya

The Greatness of Kārtika

कृतस्य स्पर्द्धिनि युगे त्रेतान्ते द्वापरे युगे । व्यतीते जलदापाये निर्मले चांबरे गृहे ॥ ५ ॥

kṛtasya sparddhini yuge tretānte dvāpare yuge | vyatīte jaladāpāye nirmale cāṃbare gṛhe || 5 ||

Pada zaman Kṛta yang penuh persaingan, pada akhir Tretā, dan juga pada zaman Dvāpara—ketika musim hujan telah berlalu, awan tersibak, dan langit di atas rumah menjadi bening tanpa noda—maka laku suci ini dijalankan.

कृतस्यof the Kṛta (age)
कृतस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
स्पर्द्धिनिin the rivalrous/competitive (time)
स्पर्द्धिनि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्पर्धिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषणम् (qualifier)
युगेin the age
युगे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
त्रेता-अन्तेat the end of the Tretā (age)
त्रेता-अन्ते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘त्रेतायाः अन्तः’
द्वापरेin the Dvāpara (age)
द्वापरे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
युगेin the age
युगे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
व्यतीतेwhen (it was) passed/elapsed
व्यतीते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + अति + इ (धातु) → व्यतीत (कृदन्त/क्त)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)
जलद-अपायेat the clearing away of clouds
जलद-अपाये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootजलद (प्रातिपदिक) + अपाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘जलदानाम् अपायः’ (disappearance of clouds)
निर्मलेin the clear (state)
निर्मले:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अम्बरेin the sky
अम्बरे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
गृहेin the house/home
गृहे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootगृह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

Suta (narrating the Purana dialogue; verse is contextual/time-setting within the Mahatmya narration)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

FAQs

The verse functions as a kāla-nirdeśa (time-indicator), stressing that sacred acts are strengthened when performed in a purified season—after the rains—when the environment is clear and conducive to sattva.

Indirectly, it frames bhakti-practices as disciplined observances: devotion is not only emotion but also orderly worship aligned with proper time (kāla), which supports steadiness and purity in worship.

It reflects Jyotiṣa/Vedic calendrical practice (kāla-nirṇaya): choosing an auspicious season (post-monsoon clarity) for rites, vratas, or tirtha-related observances mentioned in the surrounding Mahatmya.