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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 52

Prāyaścitta for Mahāpātakas and the Sin-destroying Power of Viṣṇu-smaraṇa

दशनिष्कांतपर्यंतमूर्द्धूं निष्कचतुष्टयात् । हत्वा च रजतं विद्वान्कुर्याच्चांद्रायणं मुने ॥ ५२ ॥

daśaniṣkāṃtaparyaṃtamūrddhūṃ niṣkacatuṣṭayāt | hatvā ca rajataṃ vidvānkuryāccāṃdrāyaṇaṃ mune || 52 ||

Wahai muni, bila seorang terpelajar mencuri perak—hingga nilai empat niṣka, dan pada jumlah yang lebih tinggi hingga sepuluh niṣka—hendaknya ia menjalankan vrata Cāndrāyaṇa sebagai penebus dosa.

दश-निष्क-अन्त-पर्यन्तम्up to the limit of ten niṣkas
दश-निष्क-अन्त-पर्यन्तम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदश (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक) + निष्क (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक) + पर्यन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः — ‘दश निष्काः अन्तः यस्य’/‘दश-निष्क-अन्तः पर्यन्तः’ = up to the limit of ten niṣkas; विशेषणम् (implied measure)
ऊर्ध्वम्above/more than
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) — ‘above/more than’
निष्क-चतुष्टयात्from (the amount of) four niṣkas (and upward)
निष्क-चतुष्टयात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative)
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्क (प्रातिपदिक) + चतुष्टय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः — ‘निष्कानां चतुष्टयम्’ (a set of four niṣkas)
हत्वाhaving done (the act)/having taken away
हत्वा:
Kriya (क्रिया/Absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/ल्यबन्त), अव्ययभावः; ‘having killed/committed (the act)’ (idiomatically: having stolen/robbed in context)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
रजतम्silver
रजतम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरजत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
विद्वान्a learned man
विद्वान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविद् (धातु) → विद्वस् (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक
कुर्यात्should perform
कुर्यात्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
चांद्रायणम्the Cāndrāyaṇa penance
चांद्रायणम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootचांद्रायण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
मुनेO sage
मुने:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

Narada (teaching prāyaścitta norms to the sages in dialogue context)

Vrata: Cāndrāyaṇa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It frames theft (especially of valuable metals like silver) as a dharmic transgression that must be purified through prāyaścitta, emphasizing inner restitution through regulated self-discipline (Cāndrāyaṇa).

While not directly teaching bhakti, it supports devotional life by insisting on ethical purity; the Cāndrāyaṇa vow functions as a corrective discipline that restores eligibility for worship and sacred practice.

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implied through the prescription of a specific vrata—Cāndrāyaṇa—whose practice follows lunar regulation and formal penance rules used in Dharma/Smṛti traditions.