Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 18

Ekādaśī Vrata-Vidhi and the Galava–Bhadrashīla Itihāsa

Dharmakīrti before Yama

Devanagari script

ततः प्रातः समुत्थाय द्वादशीदिवसे व्रती । स्नात्वा च विधिवद्विष्णुं पूजयत्प्रयतेन्द्रियः ॥ १८ ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ prātaḥ samutthāya dvādaśīdivase vratī | snātvā ca vidhivadviṣṇuṃ pūjayatprayatendriyaḥ || 18 ||

Translation

Kemudian pada hari Dvādaśī, sang pelaku vrata bangun pagi, mandi suci, dan dengan indria terkendali memuja Śrī Viṣṇu menurut tata-ritus yang benar.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: सम्बन्ध/कालाधिकरण (समय-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), तस्मात्/तदनन्तरम् अर्थे (ablatival adverb: 'thereafter')

• प्रातः: in the morning
• प्रातः: कालाधिकरण (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• समुत्थाय: having risen
• समुत्थाय: पूर्वकालक्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभावः; धातु: √स्था, उपसर्ग: सम्+उत्; अर्थ: 'having risen'

• द्वादशी-दिवसे: on the Dvādaśī day
• द्वादशी-दिवसे: कालाधिकरण (Time/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक) + दिवस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: 'द्वादश्याः दिवसः' → 'on the day of Dvādaśī')

• व्रती: the vow-observer
• व्रती: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; 'one observing a vow'

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: पूर्वकालक्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभावः; धातु: √स्ना; अर्थ: 'having bathed'

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• विधिवत्: according to the prescribed rite
• विधिवत्: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): 'according to rule/rite'

• विष्णुम्: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• पूजयत्: worshipped
• पूजयत्: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; धातु: √पूज्; अर्थ: 'he worshipped'

• प्रयत-इन्द्रियः: with restrained senses
• प्रयत-इन्द्रियः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास: 'प्रयतानि इन्द्रियाणि यस्य सः' (one whose senses are restrained)

Speaker

Narada (teaching vrata-vidhi in the Narada Purana discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes that the vow is completed not merely by fasting, but by disciplined conduct—early rising, purification through bathing, and rule-based worship of Viṣṇu with restrained senses.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is shown as reverent, orderly service (vidhivat-pūjā) offered with inner self-control (prayatendriyaḥ), making devotion both heartfelt and ethically grounded.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual procedure and calendrical observance are implied: knowing the tithi (Dvādaśī), performing snāna for purity, and following vidhi (structured worship rules), aligning practice with dharma.