Jīva–Ātman Inquiry; Kṣetrajña Doctrine; Karma-based Varṇa; Four Āśramas and Sannyāsa Discipline
धर्माधर्मौ प्रकाशश्च तमो दुःखसुखं तथा । शारीरैर्मानसैर्दुःखैः सुखैश्चाप्यसुखोदयैः ॥ ८५ ॥
dharmādharmau prakāśaśca tamo duḥkhasukhaṃ tathā | śārīrairmānasairduḥkhaiḥ sukhaiścāpyasukhodayaiḥ || 85 ||
Dharma dan adharma, terang dan gelap, demikian pula duka dan suka—semuanya dialami melalui penderitaan dan kenikmatan jasmani serta batin; bahkan kenikmatan itu pun kelak menjadi sebab munculnya ketidaknyamanan lagi.
Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: karuna
It highlights the dvandvas (pairs of opposites) that bind embodied life—dharma/adharma, light/darkness, pain/pleasure—and points to discernment and detachment by noting that even pleasure can mature into suffering.
By showing the instability of worldly sukha and duḥkha, it supports turning the mind away from sense-based satisfaction and toward steady refuge in the Divine—an inner orientation that strengthens Vishnu-bhakti as the enduring source of peace.
No specific Vedanga technique is taught in this verse; it is primarily a Moksha Dharma insight about psychology of experience (mānasa) and embodiment (śārīra), useful for self-observation and ethical restraint.