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Shloka 64

Adhyaya 15Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

क्षुत्पिपासाभवं दुःखं यच्च मूर्च्छाप्रदं महत् ।

एतेषां त्राणदानन्तु मन्ये स्वर्गसुखात् परम् ॥

kṣutpipāsābhavaṃ duḥkhaṃ yac ca mūrcchāpradaṃ mahat |

eteṣāṃ trāṇadānaṃ tu manye svargasukhāt param ||

Derita yang lahir dari lapar dan dahaga, serta siksaan besar yang membuat pingsan—memberi pertolongan dan pembebasan kepada makhluk yang tertimpa itu, aku anggap lebih luhur daripada kenikmatan surga.

kṣutpipāsābhavamarising from hunger and thirst
kṣutpipāsābhavam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of duḥkham
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣut-pipāsā-bhava (प्रातिपदिक; क्षुत्+पिपासा+भव)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष-समासः—‘क्षुत्पिपासयोः भवम्’ (arising from hunger and thirst)
duḥkhamsuffering, pain
duḥkham:
Karma (कर्म) of implied ‘to be removed/relieved’ in sense; object of evaluation
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
yatwhich
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) relative connector
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular; relative pronoun correlating with implied ‘tat’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
mūrcchāpradamcausing fainting
mūrcchāpradam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of duḥkham
TypeAdjective
Rootmūrcchā-prada (प्रातिपदिक; मूर्च्छा+प्रद)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; तत्पुरुष—‘मूर्च्छां प्रददाति’ (giving/causing fainting)
mahatgreat, intense
mahat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of duḥkham
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; irregular stem महत्
eteṣāmof these
eteṣām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध) with trāṇadānam
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘of these (sufferings)’
trāṇadānamthe giving of deliverance
trāṇadānam:
Karma (कर्म) of manye (what is considered)
TypeNoun
Roottrāṇa-dāna (प्रातिपदिक; त्राण+दान)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; तत्पुरुष—‘त्राणस्य दानम्’ (giving of rescue)
tuindeed, but
tu:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
manyeI consider
manye:
Kriyā (क्रिया) main verb; Karta=aham implied
TypeVerb
Rootman (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
svargasukhātthan heavenly pleasure
svargasukhāt:
Apādāna (अपादान) in comparison with param
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga-sukha (प्रातिपदिक; स्वर्ग+सुख)
FormNeuter, Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular; तत्पुरुष—‘स्वर्गस्य सुखम्’ (heavenly pleasure)
paramhigher, superior
param:
Predicative complement (विशेष्य-विशेषणभाव) to trāṇadānam
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; comparative sense ‘higher/superior’
King (rājā) speaking (context: in/near narakaaddressed to divine agents)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaCompassionEthicsKarmic consequenceSupremacy of protecting the distressed

FAQs

The verse elevates active compassion (protecting those in extreme suffering) above personal reward. It frames dharma not as a transaction for svarga, but as a commitment to relieve others’ duḥkha even at the cost of delaying one’s own heavenly enjoyment.

Primarily Dharma/ācāra material within a narrative setting; it is not directly sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita, but functions as ethical instruction embedded in vaṃśānucarita-style storytelling (exemplary conduct of a ruler).

Hunger and thirst symbolize existential lack; ‘fainting’ suggests collapse of egoic endurance. The teaching hints that transcending svarga-oriented desire occurs when one’s consciousness turns outward into universal empathy—an inner ‘ascent’ higher than heaven.