Shloka 63

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

एतेषां सन्निकर्षात् तु यद्यग्निपरितापजम् ।

तथोग्रगन्धजं वापि दुःखं नरकसम्भवम् ॥

Transliteration

eteṣāṃ sannikarṣāt tu yady agni-paritāpajam | tathogra-gandhajaṃ vāpi duḥkhaṃ naraka-sambhavam ||

Translation

Namun, karena berada dekat dengan makhluk-makhluk ini, bila timbul rasa sakit akibat panasnya api, atau pula rasa sakit akibat bau busuk yang mengerikan—itu pun adalah penderitaan yang bersumber dari neraka.

Word by Word

• एतेषाम्: of these (beings)
• एतेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन

• सन्निकर्षात्: from (their) proximity
• सन्निकर्षात्: Apādāna/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्निकर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; ‘from/owing to proximity’

• तु: but; indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-निपात (but/indeed)

• यदि: if
• यदि: Nimitta (निमित्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्त-अव्यय (conditional ‘if’)

• अग्नि-परिताप-जम्: born of burning by fire
• अग्नि-परिताप-जम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + परिताप (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘अग्निना परितापः’ (burning by fire) + ‘ज’ (born of) = produced by fiery torment; दुःखम् इति विशेषणम्

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारार्थ (thus/likewise)

• उग्र-गन्ध-जम्: born of a pungent stench
• उग्र-गन्ध-जम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक) + गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘उग्रः गन्धः’ (pungent smell) + ‘ज’ (born of) = produced by foul odor; दुःखम् इति विशेषणम्

• वा: or
• वा: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (or)

• अपि: also; even
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपवाद-निपात (also/even)

• दुःखम्: pain; suffering
• दुःखम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नरक-सम्भवम्: arising from hell
• नरक-सम्भवम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘नरकात् सम्भवः’ = arising from hell; दुःखम् इति विशेषणम्

Speakers

• Context not explicit in input; likely continuation of the infernal narrative voice describing conditions around the tormented

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Afterlife (Naraka)
• Karma
• Suffering
• Empathic proximity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering is contagious by closeness: even being near the afflicted entails discomfort. The king’s willingness to remain despite such conditions underscores the costliness of compassion.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Narrative description supporting dharma teaching (ācāra) about compassionate endurance; not a pancalakṣaṇa structural unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

Fire and stench function as symbols of karmic residues (saṃskāras) that ‘radiate’ in consciousness. Approaching suffering—within oneself or others—can feel painful, yet it is the necessary proximity for transformation.