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Shloka 7

Sudeva Identifies Damayantī in Cedi (सुदेवेन दमयन्ती-परिचयः)

पानीयार्थ गिरिनदीं मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम्‌ । अथापश्यत सरर्थ तं॑ सार्थजान्‌ सुबहून्‌ गजान्‌,तत्पश्चात्‌ आधी रातके समय जब कहींसे भी कोई शब्द सुनायी नहीं देता था और उस दलके सभी लोग थककर सो गये थे, उस समय गजराजोंके मदकी धारासे मलिन जलवाली पहाड़ी नदीमें पानी पीनेके लिये (जंगली) हाथियोंका एक झुंड आ निकला। उस झुंडने व्यापारियोंके सोये हुए दलको और उसके साथ आये हुए बहुत-से हाथियोंको भी देखा

Bṛhadaśva uvāca: pānīyārthaṃ girinadīṃ madaprasravaṇāvilām | athāpaśyata sa-arthaṃ taṃ sārthajān subahūn gajān ||

Mencari air, mereka mendatangi sungai pegunungan yang alirannya keruh oleh cairan rut yang menetes dari gajah-gajah besar. Lalu mereka melihat kafilah itu—para saudagar, dan bersama mereka banyak gajah pula.

पानीयार्थम्for the purpose of water (to drink)
पानीयार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपानीयार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गिरिनदीम्mountain-river
गिरिनदीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगिरिनदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम्turbid with the flow of rut-ichor
मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमदप्रस्रवणाविला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अपश्यतhe saw
अपश्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सरथःthe one with a chariot (charioteer/warrior in a chariot)
सरथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सार्थजान्caravan-people / traders
सार्थजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसार्थज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुबहून्very many
सुबहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गजान्elephants
गजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तत्then/thereupon (that)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्

बृहदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
M
mountain river (girinadī)
C
caravan (sārtha)
C
caravan people/merchants (sārthajāḥ)
E
elephants (gajāḥ)
R
rut-fluid/intoxication (mada)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights practical dharma in the form of alertness and responsibility: when people are exhausted and inattentive, ordinary needs (like seeking water) can bring humans into conflict with powerful forces of nature, leading to avoidable harm. Ethical living includes foresight and care for the safety of one’s group and other beings.

A herd of wild elephants, coming to drink from a mountain river made turbid by rut-fluid, arrives and notices a nearby merchant caravan and many elephants associated with it—setting up a tense encounter between the wild herd and the sleeping or unguarded caravan.