Shloka 47

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

आकाशं तदपानीयं घोरं कान्तारदर्शनम्‌ । न तत्र वृक्षच्छाया वा पानीयं केतनानि च

Transliteration

ākāśaṃ tadapānīyaṃ ghoraṃ kāntāradarśanam | na tatra vṛkṣacchāyā vā pānīyaṃ ketanāni ca ||

Translation

“Wilayah itu tanpa air, laksana langit yang hampa; tampaknya seperti belantara yang mengerikan. Di sana tak ada naungan pepohonan, tak ada air minum, dan tak ada tempat tinggal maupun perlindungan.”

Word by Word

• आकाशम्: waterless sky / open expanse (here: waterless region)
• आकाशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकाश
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अपानीयम्: without water
• अपानीयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपानीय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कान्तार-दर्शनम्: having the appearance of a wilderness
• कान्तार-दर्शनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्तार-दर्शन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• वृक्ष-छाया: shade of trees
• वृक्ष-छाया: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष-छाया
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• पानीयम्: drinking water
• पानीयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पानीय
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• केतनानि: dwellings, habitations
• केतनानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केतन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• ākāśa (sky/open expanse)
• kāntāra (wilderness/forest)