Shloka 1

कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः

Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma

Devanagari script

हि >> आय न हुक है 7 अष्टा शीर्त्याधिकशततमोब् ध्याय: चारों युगोंकी वर्ष-संख्या एवं कलियुगके प्रभावका वर्णन, प्रलयकालका दृश्य और मार्कण्डेयजीको ४ (02०8 कुन्दजीके दर्शन, मार्कण्डेयजीका भगवान्‌के उदरमें प्रवेश कर ब्रह्माण्डदर्शन करना और फिर बाहर निकलकर उनसे वार्तालाप करना वैशम्पायन उवाच ततः स पुनरेवाथ मार्कण्डेयं यशस्विनम्‌ । पप्रच्छ विनयोपेतो धर्मराजो युधिषिर:,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! तदनन्तर विनयशील धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरने यशस्वी मार्कण्डेय मुनिसे पुनः इस प्रकार प्रश्न किया--

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | tataḥ sa punar evātha mārkaṇḍeyaṃ yaśasvinam | papraccha vinayopeto dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Kemudian, Raja Yudhiṣṭhira—penjaga dharma yang berhati rendah—kembali mengajukan pertanyaan kepada resi Mārkaṇḍeya yang termasyhur.

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• मार्कण्डेयम्: Mārkaṇḍeya
• मार्कण्डेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्कण्डेय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• यशस्विनम्: glorious/famed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यशस्विन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पप्रच्छ: asked
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular

• विनय-उपेतः: endowed with humility
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विनयोपेत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मराजः: Dharma-king (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
• Mārkaṇḍeya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ethical learning begins with vinaya (humility): even a king identified with dharma approaches wisdom through respectful questioning, showing that authority is strengthened—not diminished—by reverence for truth and teachers.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator Vaiśampāyana reports that Yudhiṣṭhira again turns to the sage Mārkaṇḍeya and poses a further question, signaling the continuation of a didactic conversation within the Vana Parva.