Shloka 28
Sātyaki’s Call for Intervention and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Vow-Bound Restraint (सात्यकिवाक्यं—धर्मराजस्य धैर्यनिश्चयः)
Devanagari script
यदैव काल पुरुषप्रवीरो वेत्स्यत्ययं माधव विक्रमस्य । तदा रणे त्वं च शिनिप्रवीर सुयोधनं जेष्यसि केशवश्व,शिनिवंशके प्रधान वीर माधव! ये पुरुषरत्न श्रीकृष्ण जभी पराक्रम दिखानेका अवसर आया समझेंगे, तभी तुम और भगवान् केशव मिलकर युद्धमें दुर्योधनको जीत सकोगे
Translation
Wahai Mādhava, ketika sang Kāla—yang termulia di antara para lelaki—mengenali saat bagi vikrama, maka di medan perang engkau, pahlawan utama wangsa Śini, bersama Keśava akan menaklukkan Suyodhana.
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कालःtime (the right time)
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषप्रवीरःthe best of men/hero among men
पुरुषप्रवीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेत्स्यतिwill know/understand
वेत्स्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormFuture, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माधवO Mādhava
माधव:
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विक्रमस्यof valor/heroic prowess
विक्रमस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootविक्रम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
शिनिप्रवीरO hero of the Śini clan
शिनिप्रवीर:
TypeNoun
Rootशिनिप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सुयोधनम्Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
सुयोधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुयोधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जेष्यसिyou will conquer
जेष्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormFuture, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
केशवO Keśava
केशव:
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्वःtomorrow
श्वः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वस्/श्वः
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes