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Shloka 43

जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः

Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry

ताम्येयु: प्रच्युता: पृथ्वीं मोहपूर्णा नदीं नरा: । यथा गाधमविद्धांसो बुद्धियोगमयं तथा,जलकी गहराईको न जाननेवाले मनुष्य जैसे नदीके तल-प्रदेशमें जाकर दुःखका अनुभव करते हैं, उसी प्रकार बुद्धियोग (ज्ञान)-से अनभिज्ञ सभी मनुष्य इस मोहपूर्ण विशाल संसारनदीमें पड़कर क्लेश भोगते हैं

tāmyeyuḥ pracyutāḥ pṛthvīṃ mohapūrṇāṃ nadīṃ narāḥ | yathā gādham aviddhāṃso buddhiyogamayaṃ tathā ||

Bhishma berkata: Manusia yang terjatuh ke dalam sungai dunia yang penuh delusi ini akan menderita, letih, dan dilanda kesusahan. Seperti orang yang tidak mengetahui kedalaman sungai lalu melangkah ke palungnya dan mengalami sengsara, demikian pula semua yang tidak mengenal buddhi-yoga (disiplin pengetahuan yang membedakan) jatuh ke dalam sungai luas yang dipenuhi delusi ini dan menanggung derita.

ताम्येयुःwould suffer / would be distressed
ताम्येयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootतम् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रच्युताःfallen down / slipped away
प्रच्युताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-च्युत (कृदन्त; च्यु धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पृथ्वीम्earth / ground
पृथ्वीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मोहपूर्णाःfull of delusion
मोहपूर्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहपूर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नदीम्river
नदीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नराःmen / people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
गाधम्depth / deep part
गाधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अविद्धांसःnot knowing / ignorant
अविद्धांसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-विद्वांस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बुद्धियोगमयम्consisting of buddhi-yoga
बुद्धियोगमयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धियोगमय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाso / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
N
narāḥ (human beings)
N
nadī (river, as metaphor for saṃsāra)

Educational Q&A

Ignorance of buddhi-yoga—clear discernment and knowledge-guided discipline—causes people to be overwhelmed by moha; like misjudging a river’s depth, they enter saṃsāra unprepared and suffer.

In Bhishma’s instruction in the Śānti Parva, he uses a vivid simile: the world is a vast river filled with delusion, and those lacking discernment step into its depths and experience distress, illustrating why knowledge and right understanding are necessary for liberation and right conduct.