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Shloka 30

Babhruvāhana’s Lament and Appeal for Expiation (प्रायश्चित्त-याचना)

शिर:कपाले चास्यैव युज्जत: पितुरद्य मे । प्रायक्षित्तं हि नास्त्यन्यद्धत्वाद्य पितरं मम

śiraḥkapāle cāsyāiva yujjataḥ pitur adya me | prāyaścittaṃ hi nāsty anyad dhatvādya pitaraṃ mama ||

Waiśampāyana berkata: “Hari ini, setelah membunuh ayahku sendiri, tiada penebusan lain bagiku. Tapaku hanya ini: menyelubungi diri dengan kulitnya dan mengembara sambil membawa kepala serta tengkoraknya.”

शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कपालेin/with the skull (skull-bowl)
कपाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकपाल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/this
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
युज्जतःof (me) engaging/undertaking
युज्जतः:
Sambandha
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
पितुःof (my) father
पितुः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
मेfor me/to me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive/Dative, Singular
प्रायश्चित्तम्expiation/penance
प्रायश्चित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रायश्चित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्यत्another/other
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
पितरम्father
पितरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ममmy/of me
मम:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
F
father (pitar)
H
head (śiras)
S
skull (kapāla)
P
prāyaścitta (expiation/penance)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the gravity of violating dharma through patricide and frames expiation (prāyaścitta) as a severe, identity-marking penance. It underscores moral accountability: some acts are so destructive that only harsh, long-term self-discipline and public bearing of the consequence is considered fitting.

A speaker, reported by Vaiśampāyana, declares that after killing his father he sees no alternative expiation. He proposes a grim penance: to cover himself with the father’s skin and to wander while carrying the father’s head and skull, signaling both remorse and the enormity of the deed.