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Shloka 35

Phala of Vrata, Niyama, Svādhyāya, Dama, Satya, Brahmacarya, and Service (व्रत-नियम-स्वाध्याय-दम-सत्य-ब्रह्मचर्य-शुश्रूषा-फलप्रश्नः)

गोषु क्षान्तं गोशरण्यं कृतज्ञं वृत्तिग्लानं तादृशं पात्रमाहु: । वद्धे ग्लाने सम्भ्रमे वा महार्थे कृष्यर्थ वा होम्यहेतो: प्रसूत्याम्‌

goṣu kṣāntaṁ gośaraṇyaṁ kṛtajñaṁ vṛttiglānaṁ tādṛśaṁ pātram āhuḥ | baddhe glāne sambhrame vā mahārthe kṛṣyarthe vā homyahetoḥ prasūtyām ||

Bhishma berkata: “Mereka menyebut sebagai penerima yang sungguh layak orang yang sabar dan lembut terhadap sapi, yang memberi perlindungan dan naungan bagi sapi, yang tahu berterima kasih, dan yang terhimpit karena kekurangan penghidupan. Orang demikian patut ditopang ketika ia terbelenggu, ketika ia melemah, ketika bahaya mendadak menimpanya, ketika kebutuhan besar muncul, ketika sarana diperlukan untuk pertanian, ketika bekal dibutuhkan untuk persembahan homa, atau pada saat persalinan.”

गोषुamong/with respect to cows
गोषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
क्षान्तम्patient, forbearing
क्षान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षान्त (√क्षम्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गोशरण्यम्a refuge/protector of cows
गोशरण्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगो-शरण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृतज्ञम्grateful
कृतज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतज्ञ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वृत्तिग्लानम्weary/afflicted in livelihood (in means of subsistence)
वृत्तिग्लानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्ति-ग्लान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तादृशम्such (of that kind)
तादृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पात्रम्a worthy recipient (fit person)
पात्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say/call
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√अह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
बद्धेwhen (one is) bound/imprisoned
बद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध (√बन्ध्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
ग्लानेwhen (one is) exhausted/weak
ग्लाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootग्लान (√ग्लै)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सम्भ्रमेin confusion/panic
सम्भ्रमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भ्रम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
महार्थेin a great need/important matter
महार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कृष्यर्थेfor the purpose of agriculture
कृष्यर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
होम्यहेतोःfor the sake of a (to-be-performed) oblation/sacrifice
होम्यहेतोः:
TypeNoun
Rootहोम्य-हेतु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रसूत्याम्at the time of childbirth/parturition
प्रसूत्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसूति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cows (go)

Educational Q&A

Charity should be directed to a deserving person: one who protects and is gentle toward cows, is grateful, and is genuinely distressed for livelihood; aid is especially appropriate in emergencies and life-sustaining duties like farming, sacrifice, and childbirth.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he specifies the qualities of a proper recipient (pātra) for assistance and lists situations in which giving support is ethically commended.