Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 155 Shloka 23 - Mahabharata | Indonesian | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 23

Devanagari script

सुरेश: शरणं शर्म विश्वरेता: प्रजाभव: । अह: संवत्सरो व्याल: प्रत्यय: सर्वदर्शन:

Transliteration

sureśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvaretāḥ prajābhavaḥ | ahaḥ saṃvatsaro vyālaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ ||

Translation

Bhishma berkata: Ia adalah Suresha, Penguasa para dewa; perlindungan tertinggi bagi yang papa dan menderita; kebahagiaan itu sendiri. Ia Vishvareta, benih dan sebab semesta; Prajabhava, sumber lahirnya segala makhluk. Ia adalah cahaya siang; Ia tahun yang menakar waktu; Ia ular kosmis, Shesha, penyangga dunia; Ia kebenaran yang disadari oleh budi yang disucikan; dan Ia Mahamelihat—saksi yang memandang semua.

Word by Word

सुरेशःlord of the gods

शरणम्refuge

शर्मbliss; happiness; comfort

विश्वरेताःwhose seed is the universe; source/cause of the world

प्रजाभवःorigin of creatures; producer of progeny

अहःday; light

संवत्सरःyear

व्यालःserpent; great snake

प्रत्ययःcognition; certainty; knowledge

सर्वदर्शनःall-seeing; seer of all

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Sureśa (Lord of the gods)

Śeṣa/Ananta (implied by vyālaḥ)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches devotion grounded in recognition of the Divine as the ultimate refuge and the cosmic principle behind creation, time, and moral knowledge—encouraging surrender to the all-seeing witness who sustains order.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues his instruction by reciting a hymn-like sequence of divine names/attributes, describing the Supreme through epithets that link divinity with protection, bliss, creation, time, and omniscience.