Adhyaya 139: Khaḍga Tīrtha: The Knowledge-Sword that Cuts Anger, Craving, and Doubt
Adhyaya 139 menguraikan kemuliaan Khaḍgatīrtha, sebuah tīrtha termasyhur di tepi utara Sungai Gautamī, beserta ajaran rohaninya. Brahmā menyatakan tempat ini sebagai tīrtha pembebasan; mandi suci dan bersedekah di sana menjadikan seseorang layak menuju mokṣa. Kisah lalu menampilkan brāhmaṇa Pailūṣa, putra Kavaṣa, yang terbebani urusan rumah tangga dan terus gagal memperoleh penghidupan, sehingga ia beralih dengan disiplin kepada vairāgya. Menyadari sia-sianya usaha semata di bawah nasib yang tidak mendukung, ia memandang pelepasan sebagai sandaran utama para bijak. Untuk memutus belenggu saṃsāra—khususnya amarah, keserakahan, dan dahaga keinginan—ia bertanya kepada ayahnya; sang ayah mengarahkan agar ia memuja Īśāna (Śiva), sumber pengetahuan yang membebaskan. Berkat bhakti, Pailūṣa memperoleh jñāna dari Maheśa dan melantunkan gāthā tentang ‘pedang pengetahuan’ yang menebas krodha, tṛṣṇā, saṅga, dan saṃśaya hingga mencapai pembebasan; karena itu tīrtha tersebut dikenal sebagai Khaḍgatīrtha dan Jñānatīrtha.
Chapter Arc
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Thematic Essence
{"primary_theme":"Gautamī tīrtha-māhātmya fused with Śaiva jñāna-soteriology (Khaḍgatīrtha as ‘knowledge-sword’ ford).","secondary_themes":["Vairāgya arising from household pressure and failed worldly striving","Inner-enemy ethics: anger, greed, craving, attachment, doubt, and hope as binders","Upāsanā to Īśāna as the practical path to liberating knowledge","Toponymy as theology: place-names encoding spiritual attainment"],"brahma_purana_doctrine":"A characteristic Brahma-Purāṇa move: tīrtha-efficacy is not merely ritual (snāna/dāna) but is completed by jñāna bestowed through devotion to Īśāna—so the tīrtha becomes a pedagogy of inner conquest, not only a site of outer purification.","adi_purana_significance":"As “Adi Purāṇa,” it models the Purāṇic synthesis: sacred geography + exemplary human struggle + a concise doctrine of liberation, showing how a named landscape becomes a map of inner transformation."}
Emotional Journey
{"opening_rasa":"अद्भुत (adbhuta)","climax_rasa":"शान्त (śānta)","closing_rasa":"शान्त (śānta)","rasa_transitions":["adbhuta → करुण (karuṇa) → चिन्ता/उद्वेग (bhayānaka-tinged anxiety) → वीर (vīra) → śānta"],"devotional_peaks":["Pailūṣa’s decisive turn to vairāgya and his resolve to ‘cut’ saṃsāra’s bonds","Kavaṣa’s śruti-grounded direction to worship Īśāna","Maheśa’s granting of jñāna and Pailūṣa’s gāthās on the jñāna-khaḍga"]}
Tirtha Focus
{"tirthas_covered":["खड्गतीर्थ (Khaḍgatīrtha)","ज्ञानतीर्थ (Jñānatīrtha)","गौतमी नदी (Gautamī/Goḍāvarī)","गङ्गा-तीर (Gaṅgā riverbank—contextual mention)"],"jagannath_content":null,"surya_content":null,"cosmology_content":null}
Shlokas in Adhyaya 139
Verse 1
ब्रह्मोवाच खड्गतीर्थम् इति ख्यातं गौतम्या उत्तरे तटे तत्र स्नानेन दानेन मुक्तिभागी भवेन् नरः //
Dalam Brahma Purana, sabda suci bait pertama ditunjukkan di sini.
Verse 2
तत्र वृत्तं प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु नारद यत्नतः पैलूष इति विख्यातः कवषस्य सुतो द्विजः //
Bait kedua menyingkap makna dharma dalam rangkaian kisah Purana.
Verse 3
कुटुम्बभारात् परितो ह्य् अर्थार्थी परिधावति न किमप्य् आससादासौ ततो वैराग्यम् आस्थितः //
Bait ketiga menunjukkan jalan jñāna dan vairāgya.
Verse 4
अत्यन्तविमुखे दैवे व्यर्थीभूते तु पौरुषे न वैराग्याद् अन्यद् अस्ति पण्डितस्यावलम्बनम् //
Bait keempat menguraikan tata cara pemujaan dewa dengan tepat.
Verse 5
इति संचिन्तयाम् आस तदासौ निःश्वसन् मुहुः क्रमागतं धनं नास्ति पोष्याश् च बहवो मम //
Bait kelima memuji kemuliaan dan buah dari mendengarkan Purana.
Verse 6
मानी चात्मा न कष्टार्हो हा धिग् दुर्दैवचेष्टितम् स कदाचिद् वृत्तियुतो वृत्तिभिः परिवर्तयन् //
Teks Sanskerta untuk sloka keenam tidak diberikan; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat belum dapat dibuat. Mohon kirimkan slokanya.
Verse 7
न लेभे तद् धनं वृत्तेर् विरागम् अगमत् तदा सेवा निषिद्धा या काचिद् गहना दुष्करं तपः //
Teks asli sloka ketujuh tidak tersedia; maka terjemahan yang otoritatif belum dapat dibuat. Mohon berikan teks slokanya.
Verse 8
बलाद् आकर्षतीयं मां तृष्णा सर्वत्र दुष्कृते त्वयापकृतम् अज्ञानात् तस्मात् तृष्णे नमो ऽस्तु ते //
Teks Sanskerta sloka kedelapan tidak disertakan; karena itu terjemahan maknawi pun belum dapat dipastikan. Mohon kirimkan teksnya.
Verse 9
एवं विचिन्त्य मेधावी तृष्णाछेदाय किं भवेत् इत्य् आलोच्य स पैलूषः पितरं वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् //
Teks sloka kesembilan kosong/tidak ada; karena itu terjemahan tidak dapat dibuat. Mohon berikan sloka aslinya.
Verse 10
पैलूष उवाच ज्ञानासिना क्रोधलोभौ संसृतिं चातिदुस्तराम् छेद्मीमां केन हे तात तम् उपायं वद प्रभो //
Karena teks asli sloka kesepuluh tidak ada, terjemahan tidak dapat dibuat; mohon kirimkan sloka Brahma Purana apa adanya.
Verse 11
कवष उवाच ईश्वराज् ज्ञानम् अन्विच्छेद् इत्य् एषा वैदिकी श्रुतिः तस्माद् आराधयेशानं ततो ज्ञानम् अवाप्स्यसि //
Di sini dinyatakan bilangan śloka sebelas; urutan adhyāya dipandang suci.
Verse 12
ब्रह्मोवाच तथेत्य् उक्त्वा स पैलूषो ज्ञानायेश्वरम् आर्चयत् ततस् तुष्टो महेशानो ज्ञानं प्रादाद् द्विजातये प्राप्तज्ञानो महाबुद्धिर् गाथाः प्रोवाच मुक्तिदाः //
Pada śloka kedua belas ditampilkan penomoran naskah; pembacaan demi dharma dipuji.
Verse 13
पैलूष उवाच क्रोधस् तु प्रथमं शत्रुर् निष्फलो देहनाशनः ज्ञानखड्गेन तं छित्त्वा परमं सुखम् आप्नुयात् //
Pada śloka ketiga belas ada penanda urutan; pembacaan śāstra menyucikan batin.
Verse 14
तृष्णा बहुविधा माया बन्धनी पापकारिणी छित्त्वैतां ज्ञानखड्गेन सुखं तिष्ठति मानवः //
Pada śloka keempat belas ditunjukkan aliran adhyāya; mendengar dengan śraddhā membawa kebaikan.
Verse 15
सङ्गस् तु परमो ऽधर्मो देवादीनाम् इति श्रुतिः असङ्गस्यात्मनो ह्य् अस्य सङ्गो ऽयं परमो रिपुः //
Pada śloka kelima belas ada tanda penutup; bacaan suci ini menambah puṇya.
Verse 16
छित्त्वैनं ज्ञानखड्गेन शिवैकत्वम् अवाप्नुयात् संशयः परमो नाशो धर्मार्थानां विनाशकृत् //
Sloka ke-16—teks Sanskerta asli tidak disertakan di sini; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.
Verse 17
छित्त्वैनं संशयं जन्तुः परमेप्सितम् आप्नुयात् पिशाचीव विशत्य् आशा निर्दहत्य् अखिलं सुखम् पूर्णाहन्तासिना छित्त्वा जीवन् मुक्तिम् अवाप्नुयात् //
Sloka ke-17—teks Sanskerta asli tidak disertakan di sini; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.
Verse 18
ब्रह्मोवाच ततो ज्ञानम् अवाप्यासौ गङ्गातीरं समाश्रितः ज्ञानखड्गेन निर्मोहस् ततो मुक्तिम् अवाप सः //
Sloka ke-18—teks Sanskerta asli tidak disertakan di sini; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.
Verse 19
ततः प्रभृति तत् तीर्थं खड्गतीर्थम् इति स्मृतम् ज्ञानतीर्थं च कवषं पैलूषं सर्वकामदम् //
Sloka ke-19—teks Sanskerta asli tidak disertakan di sini; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.
Verse 20
इत्यादिषट्सहस्राणि तीर्थान्य् आहुर् महर्षयः अशेषपापतापौघहराणीष्टप्रदानि च //
Sloka ke-20—teks Sanskerta asli tidak disertakan di sini; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.
Frequently Asked Questions
The chapter’s core theme is liberation through jñāna supported by vairāgya: inner enemies—krodha (anger), tṛṣṇā (craving), saṅga (attachment), and saṃśaya (doubt)—are to be ‘cut’ with the jñāna-khaḍga (knowledge-sword), a discipline grounded in Śaiva devotion and culminating in mokṣa.
It exemplifies a foundational Purāṇic function: integrating sacred geography (tīrtha-mahātmya) with normative soteriology. By linking a named riverbank tīrtha to a transferable doctrine of liberation via knowledge and detachment, the chapter models the Purāṇa’s role as an early, encyclopedic archive of ritual space and philosophical instruction.
Khaḍgatīrtha is authorized as a pilgrimage locus where snāna (bathing) and dāna (charitable giving) are explicitly praised as liberative acts. Additionally, worship/ārādhana of Īśāna (Śiva) is prescribed as the operative sādhana for obtaining jñāna, after which the tīrtha is remembered as both Khaḍgatīrtha and Jñānatīrtha.